> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://middlepowers.fyi/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Frontline and Eastern Europe

> Week of January 26, 2026

## Regional Summary

**The Militarisation of Normality**

Central and eastern Europe's democracies are retooling for a war that has not yet reached most of their soil. From gold vaults to volunteer drone networks, from Baltic border controls to Romanian motorway budgets, the state machinery is being rebuilt around conflict — and the political costs are starting to show.

Ukraine shows this pattern clearly. Kyrylo Budanov, the former intelligence chief, now runs the Presidential Office — security professionals have replaced political operatives at the top of civilian government. The defence ministry has given official advisory roles to two Telegram influencers, one with 156,000 followers, the other responsible for delivering more than 256,000 drones. The result is a state that has stopped pretending the line between civil society and the war effort still exists. These moves come alongside the biggest diplomatic opening yet — talks with Russia described as free of "pseudo-historical lectures" and a security-guarantees document said to be ready for signature. The contradiction is sharp: Ukraine is at once preparing to negotiate peace and building permanent war readiness into its institutions.

Poland's version is fiscal rather than institutional, but just as telling. The National Bank's purchase of 102 tons of gold in 2025, making it the world's largest buyer for the second straight year, suggests a country not at ease with the international monetary order. Adam Glapiński, the governor, frames the policy as building "credibility and security," yet the gold now exceeds the European Central Bank's own holdings. Meanwhile, the political system that must fund both butter and guns is seizing up: the governing coalition and the presidency have stopped speaking to each other, with opposition parties refusing even to attend meetings called by Karol Nawrocki, the president. When the prime minister must rebuke the president for his response to American remarks about NATO, the system designed to project allied unity instead advertises its dysfunction.

Finland and the Baltic states show how security concerns now drive policy well beyond defence budgets. Finland's State Audit Office found that the government's claimed €10 billion in savings is €3.5 billion — a gap that matters when the country is trying to meet EU deficit rules and push military spending toward 3% of GDP. Estonia, spending 5% of GDP on defence while producing the world's highest density of unicorn startups, proposed an EU-wide entry ban on nearly a million Russian veterans, a policy that would have seemed fantastical three years ago. Lithuania created a "military Schengen" with its Baltic neighbours, eliminating peacetime barriers to troop movements. Each step makes sense. Taken together, they describe societies reorganising around a threat assessment that leaves little room for the priorities — welfare, infrastructure, fiscal prudence — that defined European normality before 2022.

The strain shows where consensus is thinnest. In the Czech Republic, 90,000 people took to the streets over a foreign minister accused of threatening the president's adviser. Yet the government confirmed it would resist NATO pressure to move beyond 2% defence spending — a position that clashes with its aspirations to be taken seriously in a three-pole world. Romania, the EU's second-largest beneficiary of a new €16.6 billion defence fund, plans to reach 5% of GDP in military spending by 2035 while running a 9.3% budget deficit, the worst in the union. Latvia's security services now assess that Russia views the Baltics much as it viewed Ukraine before the invasion — a sentence that, once written into an official report, changes the calculus of every budget line.

What emerges is not ideological militarisation but militarisation as bureaucratic habit: gold reserves swelling, drone operators drawing government salaries, border controls redesigned for armoured columns, and audit offices struggling to balance the books. These democracies are not becoming garrison states. But they are discovering that preparing for the worst, year after year, reshapes institutions in ways that no peace deal can easily reverse.

## Country Summaries

### <img src="https://flagcdn.com/ua.svg" width="32" alt="Ukraine" style={{display: 'inline', verticalAlign: 'middle', position: 'relative', top: '-2px', marginRight: '8px', border: '1px solid #d1d5db', borderRadius: '2px'}} />Ukraine

Ukraine's security guarantees from America are ready for signing, and peace talks with Russia have taken a procedural leap forward.

President Volodymyr Zelensky announced that the US security guarantees document is completely ready following talks in Abu Dhabi, with Ukraine now waiting for partners to set a signing date before Congressional and parliamentary ratification. The document would provide binding security commitments beyond previous assurance frameworks. Meanwhile, Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha confirmed that bilateral Ukraine-Russia meetings occurred within the trilateral framework, describing a "qualitative change in Russian delegation composition" with no more "pseudo-historical lectures" and substantive discussions on ceasefire parameters, monitoring procedures, and timeline definitions. Military representatives held separate track negotiations.

Even as it negotiates, Ukraine continues expanding its military capabilities through an unusual route: formalising volunteer expertise. Defence Minister Mykhailo Fedorov appointed Serhii 'Flash' Beskrestnov as defence technology advisor and Serhii Sternenko as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) effectiveness advisor. Both run prominent Telegram channels — Mr Beskrestnov has 156,000 followers and focuses on counter-drone systems and captured equipment analysis, while Mr Sternenko's foundation has delivered more than 256,000 drones to Ukrainian units. The appointments represent systematic integration of wartime innovation networks into permanent military organisation. Separately, the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) confirmed that its Alpha unit struck five Russian airbases in 2025, destroying 15 aircraft including Su-30SM, Su-34, MiG-31, Mi-28, and An-26 platforms, with an estimated \$1bn in damage including ammunition and fuel storage destruction.

The most significant domestic shift is now complete. Kyrylo Budanov, former head of Main Intelligence Directorate, has been officially appointed head of the Presidential Office, replacing his previous role in military intelligence. Mr Zelensky emphasised that Mr Budanov would focus on security issues, defence forces development, and diplomatic negotiations. The appointment establishes security professional rather than political operative leadership of the Presidential Office, representing a structural shift in decision-making architecture toward military-intelligence background.

<Accordion title="Other Stories">
  * **Commander-in-Chief Oleksandr Syrskyi reports intense Russian offensive attempts near Pokrovsk** — General Syrskyi described the situation as difficult on the Pokrovsk and Ocheretyne fronts, with Russian forces bringing up reserves and using infiltration tactics while Ukrainian forces focus on inflicting maximum losses on enemy reserves. *([united24media.com](https://kyivindependent.com/russia-continues-attempts-at-breakthrough-near-pokrovsk-brings-up-reserves-syrskyi-says/))*
  * **Mr Sybiha calls for sustained international pressure on Russia following attacks** — Mr Sybiha urged continued global pressure on Russia after strikes on Ukrainian infrastructure including a maternity hospital in Zaporizhzhia. He emphasised blocking Russia's 'shadow fleet' and adopting stronger European Union sanctions while securing International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) confirmation that Russian energy attacks pose nuclear threats. *([pravda.com.ua](https://pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/02/01/8018945))*
  * **Russian disinformation campaign targets Mr Budanov with false narratives** — Ukrainian analysts report Russia launched a special information operation against Mr Budanov using fake narratives about CIA training, personal conduct, and alleged conflicts with military leadership. The campaign includes fabricated stories and 'insider' messages on social media. *([en.interfax.com.ua](https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/press-conference/1140464.html))*
  * **General Syrskyi conducts military medical and command meetings at General Staff** — General Syrskyi held meetings on medical priorities in the Armed Forces and with frontline commanders. He discussed development of medical battalions and recognised servicemen for courage and professionalism in combat. *([ukrinform.net](https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/4086333-cinc-syrskyi-holds-meeting-on-medical-priorities-in-afu.html))*
  * **Mr Zelensky appeals for more Western air defence systems** — Mr Zelensky called on Western allies to provide more air defence support as Russian strikes left hundreds of buildings in Kyiv without heating during freezing temperatures. He blamed delayed European payments for keeping Ukraine's air defences 'simply empty.' *([euronews.com](https://euronews.com/2026/01/25/zelenskyy-calls-on-to-allies-to-provide-more-air-defence-as-russian-strikes-plunge-kyiv-in))*
  * **Ukraine ends diplomatic passivity toward Hungary, Mr Sybiha announces** — Mr Sybiha said Ukraine is ending its policy of diplomatic 'non-noticing' with Hungary and will respond decisively to unfriendly steps and anti-Ukrainian rhetoric from Hungarian leadership, including attempts to drag Kyiv into Hungary's domestic politics. *([ukrinform.net](https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/4085006-ukraine-ends-policy-of-diplomatic-passivity-with-hungary-sybiha-says.html))*
  * **Ukraine prepares sanctions against President Lukashenko for war complicity** — Mr Sybiha announced Ukraine is preparing sanctions against Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko to hold him accountable for supporting Russia's war, saying Belarus bears equal responsibility with Russia for the invasion. *([kyivindependent.com](https://kyivindependent.com/ukraine-preparing-sanctions-against-lukashenko-sybiha-says/))*
  * **Ukraine offers security cooperation to Moldova over Transnistria** — Mr Sybiha said the threat of continued Russian military presence in Moldovan Transnistria is becoming increasingly obvious and that Kyiv is ready to consider Moldova's appeal for further practical security cooperation. *([en.interfax.com.ua](https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/1139956.html))*
  * **Mr Sybiha emphasises Poland's support for Ukraine's EU membership** — Mr Sybiha said Poland supports Ukraine's EU and NATO membership and is one of its biggest advocates, emphasising that Ukraine's EU membership is in Poland's interest and noting progress on sensitive historical issues. *([europeannewsroom.com](https://europeannewsroom.com/ukraine-foreign-minister-ukraines-membership-in-the-eu-is-in-the-interest-of-poles-2))*
  * **Mr Budanov commemorates Battle of Kruty heroes** — Mr Budanov honoured the memory of the Heroes of the Battle near Kruty on the anniversary, emphasising their importance as symbols of courage and resistance for modern Ukraine and calling for building a country worthy of their sacrifice. *([news.novyny.live](https://news.novyny.live/en/budanov-pays-tribute-to-heroes-of-the-battle-of-kruty-308847.html))*
  * **Mr Zelensky cautious on Russian bombing pause during extreme cold** — Mr Zelensky said he was waiting to see whether Russia would observe a proposed pause in strikes on Ukrainian energy infrastructure during bitter winter cold. He noted no formal ceasefire agreement exists but indicated Ukraine would halt energy strikes if Russia did the same. *([theguardian.com](https://theguardian.com/world/2026/jan/30/zelenskyy-cautious-russian-bombing-pause-extreme-cold-weather-ukraine))*
  * **National Bank cuts key policy rate to 15%** — The National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) lowered its key policy rate from 15.5% to 15%, with Governor Andriy Pyshnyy saying the bank will continue to respond flexibly to shifts in monetary risks. *([ukrinform.net](https://ukrinform.net/rubric-economy/4085624-national-bank-cuts-key-policy-rate-to-15.html))*
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Notes">
  <ResponseField name="SBU releases compilation video of drone strikes destroying Russian aircraft worth \$1 billion" type="January 28-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Ukrainian Drone Strikes On Parked Russian Aircraft Seen In "Greatest Hits" Video — twz.com](https://www.twz.com/air/ukrainian-drone-strikes-on-parked-russian-aircraft-seen-in-greatest-hits-video)
      * [Ukraine war latest updates: SBU releases greatest hits video of 2025 drone strikes on Russian aircraft (8) — kyivindependent.com](https://kyivindependent.com/ukraine-war-latest-update-2026-01-28/)
      * [Ukraine Destroyed 15 Russian Aircraft in 2025 Drone Strikes Worth \$1 Billion in Damage — united24media.com](https://united24media.com/latest-news/ukraine-destroyed-15-russian-aircraft-in-2025-drone-strikes-worth-1-billion-in-damage-15398)
      * [Russian military aviation suffers \$1 billion losses after Ukrainian airfield attacks — newsukraine.rbc.ua](https://newsukraine.rbc.ua/news/ukraine-s-security-service-strikes-russian-1769596723.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Syrskyi reports intense Russian offensive attempts near Pokrovsk" type="January 26, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [El general Syrskyi destaca la situación complicada en los frentes de Pokrovsk y Ocheretyne — united24media.com](https://united24media.com/es/latest-news/syrskyi-rusia-intenta-abrirse-paso-cerca-de-pokrovsk-mientras-ucrania-apunta-a-las-reservas-15331)
      * [Russia continues attempts at breakthrough near Pokrovsk, brings up reserves, Syrskyi says — kyivindependent.com](https://kyivindependent.com/russia-continues-attempts-at-breakthrough-near-pokrovsk-brings-up-reserves-syrskyi-says/)
      * [Syrskyi: Russia Tries to Break Through Near Pokrovsk as Ukraine Targets Reserves — united24media.com](https://united24media.com/latest-news/syrskyi-russia-tries-to-break-through-near-pokrovsk-as-ukraine-targets-reserves-15331)
      * [Alarming reports from Pokrovsk front, DeepState reveals details — tsn.ua](https://tsn.ua/en/ato/alarming-reports-from-pokrovsk-front-deepstate-reveals-details-3007910.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Abu Dhabi peace talks show qualitative improvement in negotiations" type="January 27-29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Sybiha shares details of bilateral meetings between Ukraine and Russia in Abu Dhabi — ukrinform.net](https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/4084981-sybiha-shares-details-of-bilateral-meetings-between-ukraine-and-russia-in-abu-dhabi.html)
      * [Ukrainian foreign minister confirms Ukraine-Russia bilateral meetings took place in Abu Dhabi — eurointegration.com.ua](https://www.eurointegration.com.ua/eng/news/2026/01/27/7229936/)
      * [No More 'Pseudo-Historical Lectures' – Sybiha Upbeat on Quality of Peace Talks and Even NATO Membership — kyivpost.com](https://www.kyivpost.com/post/68981)
      * [Ukraine to sign 20-point peace plan with US: Sybiha reveals details — tsn.ua](https://tsn.ua/en/ukrayina/ukraine-to-sign-20-point-peace-plan-with-us-sybiha-reveals-details-3009350.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Sybiha calls for sustained international pressure on Russia following attacks" type="January 27 - February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Ukraine's Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha has urged the world not to stop putting pressure on Russia, which has struck a maternity hospital in Zaporizhzhia — pravda.com.ua](https://pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/02/01/8018945)
      * [IAEA confirms Russia's attacks on Ukraine's energy sector pose direct nuclear threat - FM Sybiha — ukrinform.net](https://ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/4086110-iaea-confirms-russias-attacks-on-ukraines-energy-sector-pose-direct-nuclear-threat-fm-sybiha.html)
      * ["We are winning time for you": Ukraine's FM urges EU to step up pressure on Russia — ukrinform.net](https://ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/4085698-we-are-winning-time-for-you-ukraines-fm-urges-eu-to-step-up-pressure-on-russia.html)
      * [Albares and Sybiha discuss Spanish aid to the Ukrainian energy system following the latest Russian attacks — thediplomatinspain.com](https://thediplomatinspain.com/en/2026/01/27/albares-and-sybiha-discuss-spanish-aid-to-the-ukrainian-energy-system-following-the-latest-russian-attacks/)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="US security agreement with Ukraine '100% ready' for signing, Zelensky says" type="January 25-26, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [US security agreement for Ukraine is '100% ready' to be signed, Zelenskyy says — apnews.com](https://apnews.com/article/us-ukraine-war-talks-security-zelenskyy-438412639e3a73cab0abf9d109519720)
      * [Zelenskyy says U.S. security agreement for Ukraine is '100% ready' to be signed — pbs.org](https://pbs.org/newshour/world/zelenskyy-says-u-s-security-agreement-for-ukraine-is-100-ready-to-be-signed)
      * [Zelenskiy says security guarantees document from US is 100% ready — reuters.com](https://reuters.com/world/europe/zelenskiy-says-security-guarantees-document-us-is-100-ready-2026-01-25)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Russian disinformation campaign targets Budanov with false narratives" type="January 29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Russia launches special information operation against Budanov and Zaluzhny - political strategist — en.interfax.com.ua](https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/press-conference/1140464.html)
      * [Budanov trained not at the CIA, but near Novosibirsk – a retired Ukrainian Armed Forces officer — politnavigator.net](https://politnavigator.net/en/budanov-trenirovalsya-ne-v-cru-a-pod-novosibirskom-otstavnojj-oficer-vsu.html)
      * [Budanov's drunken behavior in an American hospital left a lasting impression on Americans — politnavigator.net](https://politnavigator.net/en/nachudil-v-amerikanskom-gospitale-pyanyjj-budanov-khorosho-zapomnilsya-amerikancam.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Defense Minister Fedorov appoints tech bloggers as military advisors" type="January 25-27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Ukraine's new 35-year-old defense minister made 2 influential Telegram bloggers his advisors for drone warfare — businessinsider.com](https://businessinsider.com/mykhailo-fedorov-advisors-defense-ministry-serhii-flash-sternenko-2026-1)
      * [Fedorov appoints tech blogger Serhii "Flash" Beskrestnov as advisor — ukrinform.net](https://ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/4084124-fedorov-appoints-tech-blogger-serhii-flash-beskrestnov-as-advisor.html)
      * [Ukrainian Defense Minister Fedorov names Serhiy 'Flash' Beskrestnov defense technology adviser to strengthen EW and drones — uawire.org](https://www.uawire.org/ukrainian-defense-minister-fedorov-names-serhiy-flash-beskrestnov-defense-technology-adviser-to-strengthen-ew-and-drones)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Syrskyi conducts military medical and command meetings at General Staff" type="January 30-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [CinC Syrskyi holds meeting on medical priorities in AFU — ukrinform.net](https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/4086333-cinc-syrskyi-holds-meeting-on-medical-priorities-in-afu.html)
      * [CinC Syrskyi meets with commanders carrying out combat missions on frontline — ukrinform.net](https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-ato/4086224-cinc-syrskyi-meets-with-commanders-carrying-out-combat-missions-on-frontline.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Zelensky appeals for more Western air defense systems" type="January 25-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [Zelenskyy seeks more air defence amid harsh winter and Russian attacks — euronews.com](https://euronews.com/2026/01/25/zelenskyy-calls-on-to-allies-to-provide-more-air-defence-as-russian-strikes-plunge-kyiv-in)
      * [Volodymyr Zelenskyy blames European states for Ukraine air defence gaps — ft.com](https://ft.com/content/031ee418-f0cf-4919-8e59-63daf47314a5)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Ukraine ends diplomatic passivity toward Hungary, Sybiha announces" type="January 27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Ukraine ends policy of diplomatic passivity with Hungary, Sybiha says — ukrinform.net](https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/4085006-ukraine-ends-policy-of-diplomatic-passivity-with-hungary-sybiha-says.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Ukraine prepares sanctions against Lukashenko for war complicity" type="January 27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Lukashenko must be held accountable for 'complicity' in Russia's war, Sybiha says — kyivindependent.com](https://kyivindependent.com/ukraine-preparing-sanctions-against-lukashenko-sybiha-says/)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Ukraine offers security cooperation to Moldova over Transnistria" type="January 27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Ukraine ready to consider Moldova's appeal for contribution to its security – Sybiha — en.interfax.com.ua](https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/1139956.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Sybiha emphasizes Poland's support for Ukraine's EU membership" type="January 29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Ukraine / Foreign Minister: Ukraine's membership in the EU is in the interest of Poles — europeannewsroom.com](https://europeannewsroom.com/ukraine-foreign-minister-ukraines-membership-in-the-eu-is-in-the-interest-of-poles-2)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Budanov appointed Head of Presidential Office" type="February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Kyrylo Budanov appointed Head of the Office of the President of Ukraine — nashaniva.com](https://nashaniva.com/en/384849)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Budanov commemorates Battle of Kruty heroes" type="January 29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Budanov: Kruty tragedy became a symbol of resistance — news.novyny.live](https://news.novyny.live/en/budanov-pays-tribute-to-heroes-of-the-battle-of-kruty-308847.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Zelensky cautious on Russian bombing pause during extreme cold" type="January 30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Zelenskyy cautious on Russian bombing pause during extreme cold weather — theguardian.com](https://theguardian.com/world/2026/jan/30/zelenskyy-cautious-russian-bombing-pause-extreme-cold-weather-ukraine)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="National Bank cuts key policy rate to 15 percent" type="January 29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [National Bank cuts key policy rate to 15% — ukrinform.net](https://ukrinform.net/rubric-economy/4085624-national-bank-cuts-key-policy-rate-to-15.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Investigation reveals Tymoshenko's alleged plot to undermine Zelensky's parliamentary majority" type="January 30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Who set the trap for Ukraine's 'Iron Lady'? The trail leads from her office to Zelensky's top spy. — meduza.io](https://meduza.io/en/feature/2026/01/30/who-set-the-trap-for-ukraine-s-iron-lady-the-trail-leads-from-her-office-to-zelensky-s-top-spy)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Other" type="">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [SBU and HUR expose Belarusian spy attempting to infiltrate military intelligence — global.espreso.tv](https://global.espreso.tv/russia-ukraine-war-ukraine-foils-belarusian-spys-attempt-to-infiltrate-military-intelligence)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>
</Accordion>

### <img src="https://flagcdn.com/pl.svg" width="32" alt="Poland" style={{display: 'inline', verticalAlign: 'middle', position: 'relative', top: '-2px', marginRight: '8px', border: '1px solid #d1d5db', borderRadius: '2px'}} />Poland

Poland's cohabitation crisis has deepened to the point where opposition parties now refuse to meet with the president at all. When President Karol Nawrocki invited all parliamentary clubs to meetings this week, the Civic Coalition and Left declined, with politicians saying the sessions "bring nothing" and accusing Mr Nawrocki of "torpedoing government actions." Only Law and Justice (PiS) and minor parties participated, highlighting the complete breakdown of institutional cooperation between the executive branches.

The dysfunction is spilling into Poland's alliance management. Prime Minister Donald Tusk sharply criticised Mr Nawrocki and former President Andrzej Duda for their response to controversial Trump remarks about NATO soldiers in Afghanistan, saying their role is not to lobby for other countries but to guard Polish national dignity. The public disagreement reveals cracks in Poland's dual-track strategy of using the president to manage MAGA relationships while the prime minister coordinates with Europe.

Even as the political system strains, Poland is pursuing assertive economic statecraft. The National Bank purchased 102 tons of gold in 2025, making it the world's largest buyer for the second year running, according to the World Gold Council. Governor Adam Glapiński now controls over 550 tons, ranking Poland 12th globally and exceeding the European Central Bank's 506 tons. Mr Glapiński defends the policy as building credibility and security despite economist criticism of returns. Meanwhile, Polish Oil and Gas Company (PKN Orlen) demanded immediate repayment of a \$28.7 million loan from Grupa Azoty Polyolefins after banks put the company in default, part of continued unwinding of troubled state-owned enterprises from the PiS era.

The political complications extend beyond the ruling coalition. Sławomir Mentzen's New Hope (Nowa Nadzieja) faces potential dissolution over financial irregularities, with reports of communication breakdown between Mr Mentzen and Krzysztof Bosak. Party members are criticising Mr Mentzen's leadership while Confederation (Konfederacja) risks losing millions in state funding, adding to the fragmentation on the right ahead of 2027 elections.

<Accordion title="Other Stories">
  * **Jarosław Kaczyński hospitalised with respiratory infection** — PiS leader Jarosław Kaczyński was hospitalised in Warsaw with a seasonal respiratory infection, potentially pneumonia. He is expected to remain hospitalised for several days for tests and observation. President Nawrocki called him during his hospital stay. *([rmf24.pl](https://rmf24.pl/fakty/polska/news-jaroslaw-kaczynski-w-szpitalu,nId,8062468))*
  * **Court dismisses Kaczyński defamation case due to minimal harm** — A Warsaw court dismissed the defamation case brought by Civic Coalition MEP Krzysztof Brejza against PiS leader Jarosław Kaczyński. While the court found Mr Kaczyński's statements met the criteria for defamation, it dismissed the case due to minimal social harm. The case concerned Mr Kaczyński's March 2024 statements about Mr Brejza before the Pegasus commission. *([polsatnews.pl](https://polsatnews.pl/wiadomosc/2026-01-27/sprawa-krzysztof-brejza-kontra-jaroslaw-kaczynski-jest-wyrok-sadu))*
  * **Nawrocki-Sikorski meeting on ambassador nominations** — President Karol Nawrocki met with Foreign Minister Radosław Sikorski to discuss the ongoing dispute over ambassadorial nominations. The meeting was described as 'good and constructive' with both sides expressing hope for finding common ground on the diplomatic appointments. *([tvn24.pl](https://tvn24.pl/polska/spotkanie-karola-nawrockiego-z-radoslawem-sikorskim-w-palacu-prezydenckim-st8869211))*
  * **Nawrocki commemorates 81st anniversary of Auschwitz liberation** — President Karol Nawrocki delivered a speech at the 81st anniversary commemoration of Auschwitz liberation, calling the camp a symbol of complete dehumanisation and barbarism. He emphasised the role of Polish victims and criticised previous German failures to act. Russia's Foreign Ministry later criticised his remarks about the Soviet role. *([wydarzenia.interia.pl](https://wydarzenia.interia.pl/kraj/news-nawrocki-na-obchodach-w-oswiecimiu-to-symbol-zupelnego-odhum,nId,22544121))*
  * **Kaczyński rejects potential alliance with Grzegorz Braun** — PiS leader Jarosław Kaczyński categorically ruled out any coalition with Grzegorz Braun's Confederation Crown of Poland, comparing such an alliance to 'an alliance with Putin.' He spoke during a meeting in Skarżysko-Kamienna, saying cooperation with Mr Braun would be 'beyond all doubt' unacceptable. *([tvn24.pl](https://tvn24.pl/polska/jaroslaw-kaczynski-o-grzegorzu-braunie-i-ewentualnym-sojuszu-st8867589))*
  * **Mentzen's Nowa Nadzieja to merge with Imperium Kontratakuje** — Sławomir Mentzen announced that his New Hope party will merge with the newly created Imperium Kontratakuje party at a February 21 congress in Warsaw. The merger aims to resolve legal problems facing New Hope after a court decision to remove it from the party register due to financial reporting failures. *([rp.pl](https://rp.pl/polityka/art43712581-imperium-kontratakuje-wchlonie-nowa-nadzieje-oto-plan-slawomira-mentzena))*
  * **Mentzen's business results show profit despite revenue decline** — Kancelaria Mentzen, controlled by Sławomir Mentzen, achieved net profit in Q4 2025 compared to a loss in the same period previous year. The company improved its full-year 2025 results despite declining revenues, mainly through cost reduction. Mr Mentzen announced no business forecasts for 2026, comparing them to fortune-telling. *([wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://businessinsider.com.pl/gielda/wiadomosci/zysk-zamiast-straty-ale-przychody-w-dol-jak-kancelaria-mentzen-radzi-sobie-na/gjxrl0j))*
  * **Former ABW deputy chief dismissed from service for political activity** — Lech Wojciechowski, former deputy head of the Internal Security Agency (ABW) during PiS era and later National Security Bureau (BBN) employee, was disciplinarily expelled from ABW service for violating the ban on political party activity. Minister Tomasz Siemoniak announced the decision, emphasising there is no place for political activists in special services. *([wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://rmf24.pl/fakty/polska/news-wiceszef-abw-z-czasow-pis-dyscyplinarnie-wydalony-ze-sluzby,nId,8060434))*
  * **Orlen rebrands PGNiG operations under unified corporate identity** — PKN Orlen announced the change of Polish Oil and Gas Company (PGNiG) brand to Orlen and rebranded PGNiG retail operations as myOrlen. The change aims to strengthen integration of the multienergy group and introduce the Orlen Vitay platform as a central digital hub for energy services. Existing contracts and payment methods remain unchanged for customers. *([biznes.interia.pl](https://biznes.interia.pl/gospodarka/news-pgnig-zmienia-sie-w-orlen-naturalny-kierunek-rozwoju,nId,22543627))*
  * **Orlen delays KSeF electronic invoicing implementation for gas station customers** — Orlen announced that printed invoices for business customers at gas stations will continue to be available until at least April 1, 2026, despite the mandatory e-invoicing system launching February 1. The decision responds to customer demands for a transition period. Other fuel networks follow similar approaches. *([motoryzacja.interia.pl](https://money.pl/gospodarka/faktury-za-paliwo-na-stacjach-orlenu-koncern-zmienil-decyzje-7248233041611136a.html))*
  * **Tusk promotes government successes on international stage** — Prime Minister Donald Tusk highlighted Poland's achievements in various social media posts and public appearances, including promoting the success of the government's in vitro programme and Poland's positive international image. He responded to frequently searched Google questions about Poland and celebrated reaching a historic trillion-dollar GDP milestone. *([wiadomosci.gazeta.pl](https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/polityka/7,198012,32564031,tusk-pokazal-sie-z-mapa-polski-nowe-miasto-powstalo.html))*
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Notes">
  <ResponseField name="Jarosław Kaczyński hospitalized with respiratory infection" type="January 28-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (16)">
      * [Jarosław Kaczyński, prezes PiS, trafił do szpitala — rmf24.pl](https://rmf24.pl/fakty/polska/news-jaroslaw-kaczynski-w-szpitalu,nId,8062468)
      * [Jarosław Kaczyński w szpitalu. "To może być nawet zapalenie płuc" — tvn24.pl](https://tvn24.pl/polska/jaroslaw-kaczynski-w-szpitalu-to-moze-byc-nawet-zapalenie-pluc-st8872826)
      * [Jarosław Kaczyński w szpitalu. Rzecznik PiS poinformował o szczegółach — polsatnews.pl](https://polsatnews.pl/wiadomosc/2026-01-28/jaroslaw-kaczynski-w-szpitalu-rzecznik-pis-poinformowal-o-szczegolach)
      * [Jarosław Kaczyński trafił do szpitala. Pojawiają się pytania o jego wiek i stan zdrowia — newslubuski.pl](https://newslubuski.pl/z-kraju/105626-jaroslaw-kaczynski-w-szpitalu-wiek-ile-ma-lat.html)
      * [Jarosław Kaczyński w szpitalu. Nowe informacje o stanie zdrowia prezesa PiS — wiadomosci.radiozet.pl](https://wiadomosci.radiozet.pl/polityka/jaroslaw-kaczynski-w-szpitalu-nowe-informacje-o-stanie-zdrowia-prezesa-pis)
      * [Jarosław Kaczyński w szpitalu. Pobędzie tam kilka dni — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/jaroslaw-kaczynski-w-szpitalu-pobedzie-tam-kilka-dni-7248278909553024a)
      * [Jarosław Kaczyński w szpitalu. Wiadomo, co się stało — rynekzdrowia.pl](https://rynekzdrowia.pl/Polska-i-swiat/Jaroslaw-Kaczynski-w-szpitalu-Wiadomo-co-sie-stalo,280485,15.html)
      * [Jarosław Kaczyński w szpitalu. Kuzyn ujawnia, w jakim stanie jest prezes PiS — onet.pl](https://onet.pl/informacje/onetwiadomosci/jaroslaw-kaczynski-w-szpitalu-kuzyn-ujawnia-w-jakim-stanie-jest-prezes-pis/msen9l2,79cfc278)
      * [Kaczyński w szpitalu. Do prezesa zadzwonił prezydent — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/kaczynski-w-szpitalu-do-prezesa-zadzwonil-prezydent-wspomnial-o-tym-poslom-pis-7248941419366720a)
      * [Kaczyński trafił do szpitala. Rzecznik przekazał, co się stało — plotek.pl](https://plotek.pl/celebryci/7,198203,32561461,kaczynski-trafil-do-szpitala-wiadomo-co-sie-stalo.html)
      * [Nowe doniesienia o hospitalizacji Jarosława Kaczyńskiego — plotek.pl](https://plotek.pl/celebryci/7,198203,32565614,nowe-doniesienia-o-hospitalizacji-kaczynskiego-glos-zabral.html)
      * [Jarosław Kaczyński w szpitalu. Mariusz Błaszczak zwołał "młode wilki" PiS — newsweek.pl](https://www.newsweek.pl/polska/polityka/jaroslaw-kaczynski-w-szpitalu-mariusz-blaszczak-zwolal-mlode-wilki-pis/77479qy)
      * [Kaczyński w szpitalu. Poseł PiS ujawnia: to wygląda poważnie — polskieradio24.pl](https://polskieradio24.pl/artykul/3640337,kaczynski-w-szpitalu-posel-pis-ujawnia-to-wyglada-powaznie)
      * [Kaczyński w szpitalu, Braun rusza z KINGS. W PiS zebranie "młodych wilków" — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/kaczynski-w-szpitalu-braun-rusza-z-kings-w-pis-zebranie-mlodych-wilkow-7248338453715264a)
      * [Kulisy narady PiS. Posłowie nieoficjalnie o absencji Kaczyńskiego — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/kulisy-narady-pis-poslowie-nieoficjalnie-o-absencji-kaczynskiego-7248685157476672a)
      * [Kaczyński traci posłuch w kluczowej grupie wyborców — newsweek.pl](https://newsweek.pl/polska/polityka/kaczynski-traci-posluch-w-kluczowej-grupie-wyborcow-pis-przegralo-wniosek-psl/243xj2x)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Tusk criticizes Nawrocki and Duda over response to Trump's NATO comments" type="January 30 - February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [Tusk mocno do Nawrockiego i Dudy. "Waszą rolą nie jest lobbowanie" — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/tusk-mocno-do-nawrockiego-i-dudy-wasza-rola-nie-jest-lobbowanie-7249030359550272a)
      * [Tusk szerint az államfők feladata nem a külföldi érdekek képviselete — atv.hu](https://atv.hu/kulfold/20260201/donald-tusk-lengyelorszag-beketanacs)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Court dismisses Kaczyński defamation case due to minimal harm" type="January 27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (7)">
      * [Sprawa Krzysztof Brejza kontra Jarosław Kaczyński. Jest wyrok sądu — polsatnews.pl](https://polsatnews.pl/wiadomosc/2026-01-27/sprawa-krzysztof-brejza-kontra-jaroslaw-kaczynski-jest-wyrok-sadu)
      * [Kaczyński kontra Brejza. Zapadł wyrok w głośnej sprawie — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/kaczynski-kontra-brejza-zapadl-wyrok-w-glosnej-sprawie-7247962485111072a)
      * [Sądny dzień w sporze Kaczyński-Brejza. Zapadnie wyrok — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/sadny-dzien-w-sporze-kaczynski-brejza-zapadnie-wyrok-7247847720356064a)
      * [Warszawa. Brejza przeciwko Kaczyńskiemu, decyzja sądu — tvn24.pl](https://tvn24.pl/polska/warszawa-brejza-przeciwko-kaczynskiemu-decyzja-sadu-st8871498)
      * [Kaczyński pozwany przez Brejzę. Sąd podjął decyzję — rmf24.pl](https://rmf24.pl/polityka/news-brejza-kontra-kaczynski-sad-podjal-decyzje,nId,8062305)
      * [Czy prezes PiS Jarosław Kaczyński zniesławił europosła KO Krzysztofa Brejzę? Jest wyrok — rp.pl](https://rp.pl/prawo-karne/art43698871-prezes-pis-jaroslaw-kaczynski-pomowil-europosla-krzysztofa-brejze-jest-wyrok)
      * [Wyrok w sprawie Jarosława Kaczyńskiego zapadnie dziś w Warszawie — wiadomosci.onet.pl](https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/kraj/proces-jaroslawa-kaczynskiego-dzis-ma-zapasc-wyrok/qqt04y1)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Nawrocki meets with parliamentary groups, opposition parties boycott" type="January 25-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (6)">
      * [KO i Lewica nie idą do Karola Nawrockiego — tvn24.pl](https://tvn24.pl/polska/ko-i-lewica-nie-ida-do-karola-nawrockiego-szef-gabinetu-prezydenta-pawel-szefernaker-komentuje-st8872118)
      * [Karol Nawrocki zaprosił na spotkania przedstawicieli wszystkich klubów — tvn24.pl](https://tvn24.pl/polska/karol-nawrocki-zaprosil-na-spotkania-przedstawicieli-wszystkich-klubow-i-kol-parlamentarnych-kto-pojdzie-do-prezydenta-st8866797)
      * [Karol Nawrocki zaprosił polityków. Kto nie wybiera się do Pałacu Prezydenckiego? — rmf24.pl](https://rmf24.pl/polityka/news-prezydent-nawrocki-zaprosil-politykow-na-spotkanie-wiemy-kto,nId,8062350)
      * [Nawrocki jak "miś z Krupówek". Kulisy spotkania posłów PiS z prezydentem — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/nawrocki-jak-mis-z-krupowek-kulisy-spotkania-poslow-pis-z-prezydentem-7248999590447488a)
      * [Koniec wyczekiwanego spotkania Nawrocki-Sikorski. Jest pierwszy komentarz — wiadomosci.gazeta.pl](https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/polityka/7,198012,32557137,koniec-wyczekiwanego-spotkania-nawrocki-sikorski-jest-pierwszy.html)
      * [Pierwszy komunikat po spotkaniu Nawrocki-Sikorski — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/pierwszy-komunikat-po-spotkaniu-nawrocki-sikorski-zmierzamy-w-strone-znalezienia-7247641588979904a)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Nawrocki-Sikorski meeting on ambassador nominations" type="January 26-28, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Sikorski spotkał się z Nawrockim. Nieoficjalnie: padły konkrety w sprawie ambasadorów — tvn24.pl](https://tvn24.pl/polska/spotkanie-karola-nawrockiego-z-radoslawem-sikorskim-w-palacu-prezydenckim-st8869211)
      * [Koniec wyczekiwanego spotkania Nawrocki-Sikorski. Jest pierwszy komentarz — wiadomosci.gazeta.pl](https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/polityka/7,198012,32557137,koniec-wyczekiwanego-spotkania-nawrocki-sikorski-jest-pierwszy.html)
      * [Pierwszy komunikat po spotkaniu Nawrocki-Sikorski — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/pierwszy-komunikat-po-spotkaniu-nawrocki-sikorski-zmierzamy-w-strone-znalezienia-7247641588979904a)
      * [Spór o ambasadorów. Kulisy spotkania Radosława Sikorskiego z Karolem Nawrockim — tvn24.pl](https://tvn24.pl/polska/spor-o-ambasadorow-kulisy-spotkania-radoslawa-sikorskiego-z-karolem-nawrockim-st8872392)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Nawrocki commemorates 81st anniversary of Auschwitz liberation" type="January 27-29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [81. rocznica wyzwolenia Auschwitz. Karol Nawrocki o "drodze pamięci" — wydarzenia.interia.pl](https://wydarzenia.interia.pl/kraj/news-nawrocki-na-obchodach-w-oswiecimiu-to-symbol-zupelnego-odhum,nId,22544121)
      * [Oświęcim. Karol Nawrocki miał zostać "wykluczony". Muzeum reaguje — wydarzenia.interia.pl](https://wydarzenia.interia.pl/kraj/news-nawrocki-wykluczony-z-uroczystosci-w-oswiecimiu-muzeum-fakty,nId,22545251)
      * [Karol Nawrocki w Auschwitz: Pamiętaliśmy o ofiarach, ale zapomnieliśmy o sprawcach — rmf24.pl](https://rmf24.pl/regiony/krakow/news-nawrocki-pamietalismy-o-ofiarach-ale-zapomnielismy-o-sprawca,nId,8062320)
      * [Rzeczniczka MSZ Rosji odpowiada Nawrockiemu. Taką "radę" mu dała — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/rzeczniczka-msz-rosji-odpowiada-nawrockiemu-taka-rade-mu-dala-7248319083776320a)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Kaczyński rejects potential alliance with Grzegorz Braun" type="January 25-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (6)">
      * [Jarosław Kaczyński o Grzegorzu Braunie i ewentualnym sojuszu — tvn24.pl](https://tvn24.pl/polska/jaroslaw-kaczynski-o-grzegorzu-braunie-i-ewentualnym-sojuszu-st8867589)
      * ["Sojusz z nim to jak sojusz z Putinem". Kaczyński odkrywa karty — rmf24.pl](https://rmf24.pl/regiony/kielce/news-sojusz-z-nim-to-jak-sojusz-z-putinem-kaczynski-odkrywa-karty,nId,8060230)
      * [Jarosław Kaczyński uderzył w Grzegorza Brauna. Porównał go do Putina — wiadomosci.onet.pl](https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/kraj/jaroslaw-kaczynski-uderzyl-w-grzegorza-brauna-porownal-go-do-putina/ljx2w55)
      * [Kaczyński: "to jest bezczelne, to jest hańba dla Polaków". Wspomniał też o Braunie — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/kaczynski-to-jest-bezczelne-to-jest-hanba-dla-polakow-wspomnial-tez-o-braunie-7247262552377536a)
      * [Kongres gospodarczy Konfederacji Brauna. Właściciel obiektu przychód z imprezy przekaże na pomoc Ukrainie — rp.pl](https://rp.pl/polityka/art43729931-kongres-konfederacji-grzegorza-brauna-w-lochowie-przychod-z-imprezy-wspomoze-ukraine)
      * [Kaczyński i Braun w jednym rządzie? Polacy ocenili szanse \[SONDAŻ\] — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/kaczynski-i-braun-w-jednym-rzadzie-polacy-ocenili-szanse-sondaz-7248130281892096a)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Tensions within Konfederacja over finances and leadership" type="January 26-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (8)">
      * [Konflikt Mentzena z Bosakiem? Poseł Konfederacji komentuje — polsatnews.pl](https://polsatnews.pl/graffiti/2026-01-30/konflikt-mentzena-z-bosakiem-posel-konfederacji-komentuje)
      * [Narodowcy chcą odwołać Miszalskiego, ludzie Mentzena mówią "pas" — wydarzenia.interia.pl](https://wydarzenia.interia.pl/malopolskie/news-w-konfederacji-wrze-pojawil-sie-nowy-problem-to-wierzcholek,nId,22545252)
      * [Media: W Konfederacji wściekli na Mentzena. 'Ten Titanic idzie na dno' — wiadomosci.gazeta.pl](https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/polityka/7,198012,32557916,media-konfederaci-wsciekli-na-mentzena-ten-titanic-idzie.html)
      * [Konflikt Krzysztofa Bosaka i Sławomira Mentzena. W Konfederacji wrze — wprost.pl](https://www.wprost.pl/kraj/12233655/konflikt-krzysztofa-bosaka-i-slawomira-mentzena-w-konfederacji-wrze.html)
      * [Konfederacja może stracić miliony. "Narasta złość na Mentzena" — newsweek.pl](https://www.newsweek.pl/polska/polityka/konfederacja-moze-stracic-miliony-narasta-zlosc-na-mentzena/bmz83ge)
      * [W Konfederacji widać narastającą złość na Mentzena — onet.pl](https://onet.pl/informacje/newsweek/w-konfederacji-widac-narastajaca-zlosc-na-mentzena-prezesa-nowej-nadziei-jak-dodaja/2zlsyjv,74524526)
      * [Konfederacja już nie przeraża. Nie te czasy — kulturaliberalna.pl](https://kulturaliberalna.pl/2026/01/29/skrzydlowska-kalukin-konfederacja-juz-nie-przeraza-nie-te-czasy)
      * [Odkrywamy karty Grzegorza Brauna. Szara eminencja — wiadomosci.onet.pl](https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/tylko-w-onecie/odkrywamy-karty-grzegorza-brauna-szara-eminencja-ochroniarz-putina-i-kon-trojanski/xs8m688)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Mentzen's Nowa Nadzieja to merge with Imperium Kontratakuje" type="January 29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Partia Nowa Nadzieja Sławomira Mentzena przestanie istnieć, wchłonie ją Imperium Kontratakuje — rp.pl](https://rp.pl/polityka/art43712581-imperium-kontratakuje-wchlonie-nowa-nadzieje-oto-plan-slawomira-mentzena)
      * [Fuzja Nowej Nadziei z Imperium Kontratakuje. Nowy ruch Mentzena — polskieradio24.pl](https://polskieradio24.pl/artykul/3640795,fuzja-nowej-nadziei-z-imperium-kontratakuje-nowy-ruch-mentzena)
      * [Nowa Nadzieja połączy się z Imperium Kontratakuje. Tak, chodzi o partię Mentzena — rmf24.pl](https://rmf24.pl/polityka/news-nowa-nadzieja-polaczy-sie-z-imperium-kontratakuje-tak-chodzi,nId,8062742)
      * [Partie Nowa Nadzieja i Imperium Kontratakuje połączą się. Mentzen zachowa starą nazwę ugrupowania — xyz.pl](https://xyz.pl/dzieje-sie/partie-nowa-nadzieja-i-imperium-kontratakuje-polacza-sie-mentzen-zachowa-stara-nazwe-ugrupowania-1484)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Mentzen's business results show profit despite revenue decline" type="January 30-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Firmy Mentzena bez prognoz. Wyniki lepsze mimo spadku przychodów — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/firmy-mentzena-bez-prognoz-wyniki-lepsze-mimo-spadku-przychodow-7249052512872768a)
      * [Kancelaria Mentzen pokazała wyniki za 2025 r. Tyle zarobiła spółka lidera Konfederacji — fakt.pl](https://fakt.pl/pieniadze/kancelaria-mentzena-poprawila-wyniki-zysk-netto-niemal-sie-podwoil/w59xcg6)
      * [Wysoki zysk kancelarii Mentzena. Oto ile zarobiła w 2025 r. — finanse.wp.pl](https://finanse.wp.pl/kancelaria-mentzen-z-zyskiem-oto-ile-zarobila-w-2025-r-7249020735408512a)
      * [Zysk zamiast straty, ale przychody w dół. Jak Kancelaria Mentzen radzi sobie na NewConnect? — businessinsider.com.pl](https://businessinsider.com.pl/gielda/wiadomosci/zysk-zamiast-straty-ale-przychody-w-dol-jak-kancelaria-mentzen-radzi-sobie-na/gjxrl0j)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="NBP world leader in gold purchases for second consecutive year" type="January 28-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * ["To jest ostrzeżenie z mojej strony". Analityk zabiera głos ws. planu Adama Glapińskiego — money.pl](https://www.money.pl/gospodarka/to-jest-ostrzezenie-z-mojej-strony-analityk-zabiera-glos-ws-planu-adama-glapinskiego-7248347957867585v.html)
      * [NBP jest rekordzistą. Nikt na świecie nie kupuje tyle złota — money.pl](https://money.pl/gospodarka/nbp-jest-rekordzista-nikt-na-swiecie-nie-kupuje-tyle-zlota-7248668737706368a.html)
      * [Niemiecka gazeta: Jak 'złoty prezes' w NBP Adam Glapiński napędza cenę złota — next.gazeta.pl](https://next.gazeta.pl/next/7,168930,32564910,niemiecka-gazeta-jak-nbp-napedza-cene-zlota-zloty-prezes.html)
      * [Fatalne doniesienia dla naszego kraju. Kryzys narasta w błyskawicznym tempie — warszawawpigulce.pl](https://warszawawpigulce.pl/fatalne-doniesienia-dla-naszego-kraju-kryzys-narasta-w-blyskawicznym-tempie)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="ABW dismantles terrorist network operating for Russia across Europe" type="January 27-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [ABW. Grupa terrorystyczna rozpracowana. Podpalali na zlecenie Rosji — polsatnews.pl](https://www.polsatnews.pl/wiadomosc/2026-01-30/abw-rozpracowala-grupe-terrorystow-podpalali-obiekty-w-calej-europie/)
      * [ABW. Rozbita siatka działała na rzecz Rosji, dywersanci staną przed sądem — wydarzenia.interia.pl](https://wydarzenia.interia.pl/kraj/news-podpalali-obiekty-w-europie-m-in-w-polsce-dywersanci-stana-p,nId,22545658)
      * [Białoruskie służby działają w Polsce? Była agentka ABW jasno — wydarzenia.interia.pl](https://wydarzenia.interia.pl/kraj/news-agenci-lukaszenki-infiltruja-polske-byla-funkcjonariuszka-ab,nId,22544188)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Former ABW deputy chief dismissed from service for political activity" type="January 26, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Funkcjonariusz wydalony. Siemoniak grzmi o "politycznych działaczach" — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/funkcjonariusz-wydalony-siemoniak-grzmi-o-politycznych-dzialaczach-7247679245301984a)
      * [Zwolnienie byłego szefa ABW. Tomasz Siemoniak wskazał na imprezę z członkami PiS — polsatnews.pl](https://www.polsatnews.pl/wiadomosc/2026-01-26/byly-wiceszef-abw-zwolniony-przez-siemoniaka-patriotyczna-impreza-w-tle/)
      * [Dyscyplinarne wydalenie wiceszefa ABW z czasów PiS — rmf24.pl](https://www.rmf24.pl/fakty/polska/news-wiceszef-abw-z-czasow-pis-dyscyplinarnie-wydalony-ze-sluzby,nId,8060434)
      * [Funkcjonariusz ABW wydalony ze służby. "Uczestniczył w przedsięwzięciu politycznym PiS" — wiadomosci.onet.pl](https://wiadomosci.onet.pl/kraj/funkcjonariusz-abw-dyscyplinarnie-zwolniony-nie-ma-miejsca-dla-politycznych-dzialaczy/m11wyjm)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Orlen rebrands PGNiG operations under unified corporate identity" type="January 26 - February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (11)">
      * [Marka Orlen zastępuje PGNiG. Zamiast PGNiG Obrót Detaliczny będzie myOrlen — biznes.interia.pl](https://biznes.interia.pl/gospodarka/news-pgnig-zmienia-sie-w-orlen-naturalny-kierunek-rozwoju,nId,22543627)
      * [PGNiG zmienia nazwę na Orlen. Co to oznacza dla klientów? — money.pl](https://money.pl/gospodarka/pgnig-zmienia-nazwe-na-orlen-co-to-oznacza-dla-klientow-7247586933197024a.html)
      * [Koniec PGNiG. Orlen wyjaśnił, co z dostawami gazu do domów — polskieradio24.pl](https://polskieradio24.pl/artykul/3639012,koniec-pgnig-orlen-wyjasnil-co-z-dostawami-gazu-do-domow)
      * [Klienci PGNiG mogą dostać 50 zł na stacjach ORLEN. Oto, co trzeba zrobić — fakt.pl](https://fakt.pl/pieniadze/orlen-daje-50-zl-kazdemu-klientowi-pgnig-jest-jeden-warunek/t5vphqm)
      * [Orlen rozdaje po 50 zł, ale liczba kuponów ograniczona — moto.pl](https://moto.pl/MotoPL/7,88389,32564337,orlen-rozdaje-po-50-zl-ale-liczba-kuponow-ograniczona-wystarczy.html)
      * [Żegnaj PGNiG, vitay myOrlen. Będzie synergia? Uważajmy, nie dajmy się nabrać — polityka.pl](https://polityka.pl/tygodnikpolityka/rynek/2330065,1,zegnaj-pgnig-vitay-myorlen-bedzie-synergia-uwazajmy-nie-dajmy-sie-nabrac.read)
      * [ORLEN Przejmuje PGNiG I Buduje Cyfrową Przyszłość — elektromobilni.pl](https://elektromobilni.pl/orlen-przejmuje-pgnig-i-buduje-cyfrowa-przyszlosc)
      * [Duży operator znika z rynku, umowy przejmuje Orlen — salon24.pl](https://salon24.pl/newsroom/1485533,klienci-pgnig-moga-sie-zdziwic-firma-znika-z-rynku-detalicznego)
      * [Zmiana szyldów w Grupie Orlen — wgospodarce.pl](https://wgospodarce.pl/informacje/154517-zmiana-szyldow-w-grupie-orlen)
      * [PGNiG znika z rynku. Orlen pożera markę i stawia wszystko na jedną kartę — innpoland.pl](https://innpoland.pl/219772,pgnig-znika-z-rynku-orlen-pozera-marke-i-stawia-wszystko-na-jedna-karte)
      * [Spółka myORLEN (dawniej PGNiG Obrót Detaliczny) ma nowego Prezesa — cire.pl](https://cire.pl/artykuly/serwis-informacyjny-cire-24/spolka-myorlen-dawniej-pgnig-obrot-detaliczny-ma-nowego-prezesa)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Orlen delays KSeF electronic invoicing implementation for gas station customers" type="January 28 - February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (10)">
      * [Orlen zmienia decyzję w ostatniej chwili. Chodzi o faktury KSeF — motoryzacja.interia.pl](https://motoryzacja.interia.pl/wiadomosci/news-orlen-zmienia-decyzje-w-ostatniej-chwili-chodzi-o-faktury-ks,nId,22544382)
      * [Faktury za paliwo na stacjach. Orlen zdecydował — money.pl](https://money.pl/gospodarka/faktury-za-paliwo-na-stacjach-orlenu-koncern-zmienil-decyzje-7248233041611136a.html)
      * [Orlen robi nagły zwrot ws. KSeF. Ogłosili nowe zasady — next.gazeta.pl](https://next.gazeta.pl/next/7,151003,32560703,orlen-robi-nagly-zwrot-ws-ksef-oglosili-nowe-zasady.html)
      * [Orlen wystawi papierowe faktury mimo KSeF. Podano, do kiedy — biznes.interia.pl](https://biznes.interia.pl/firma/news-ksef-na-stacjach-orlen-spolka-wycofa-papierowe-faktury-ale-n,nId,22544312)
      * [KSeF wchodzi w życie 1 lutego. Orlen zdecydował ws. faktur — rmf24.pl](https://rmf24.pl/ekonomia/news-ksef-wchodzi-w-zycie-orlen-ma-wazna-wiadomosc-dla-klientow,nId,8062402)
      * [Orlen zmienia zdanie, inni idą w jego ślady. Termin rewolucji dla kierowców przesunięty — wnp.pl](https://wnp.pl/rynki/orlen-zmienia-zdanie-inni-ida-w-jego-slady-termin-rewolucji-dla-kierowcow-przesuniety,1026962.html)
      * [Papierowe faktury na Orlenie jednak dłużej. Znamy datę graniczną — autokult.pl](https://autokult.pl/papierowe-faktury-na-orlenie-jednak-dluzej-znamy-date-graniczna,7248281500449088a)
      * [Orlen: Papierowe faktury za paliwo do kwietnia 2026 r. — wiadomoscihandlowe.pl](https://wiadomoscihandlowe.pl/handel-i-dystrybucja/sklepy-convenience-i-stacje-paliw/orlen-papierowe-faktury-za-paliwo-do-kwietnia-2026-r-2531807)
      * [Zatankował na Orlenie po uruchomieniu KSeF, ale faktury w tym systemie nie otrzymał — businessinsider.com.pl](https://businessinsider.com.pl/prawo/podatki/odbior-faktury-w-ksef-z-orlenu-przedsiebiorcy-moga-sie-zdziwic/bjeqxr6)
      * [Faktury za paliwo. Orlen się wyłamał. Kierowcy mogą być zaskoczeni — money.pl](https://money.pl/podatki/faktury-za-paliwo-orlen-sie-wylamal-kierowcy-moga-byc-zaskoczeni-7249043665596993v.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Orlen demands immediate loan repayment from Grupa Azoty Polyolefins" type="January 29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (5)">
      * [Orlen żąda spłaty wielkiej pożyczki przez spółkę giganta — money.pl](https://money.pl/gospodarka/orlen-zada-splaty-wielkiej-pozyczki-przez-spolke-giganta-7248542496913728a.html)
      * [Orlen żąda spłaty pożyczki. W grze gigantyczna kwota — biznes.interia.pl](https://biznes.interia.pl/gieldy/news-orlen-zada-splaty-wielkiej-pozyczki-stawka-miliony-dolarow,nId,22544729)
      * [Państwowa spółka w tarapatach. Orlen żąda spłaty ogromnej pożyczki — next.gazeta.pl](https://next.gazeta.pl/next/7,151003,32563430,panstwowa-spolka-w-tarapatach-orlen-zada-splaty-ogromnej-pozyczki.html)
      * [Orlen żąda spłaty pożyczki od Grupy Azoty Polyolefins — rmf24.pl](https://rmf24.pl/ekonomia/news-orlen-zada-natychmiastowej-splaty-to-ponad-28-mln-zl,nId,8062603)
      * [Spółka Grupy Azoty pod ostrzałem wierzycieli. Sprawa z Orlenem może jednak wyjść na dobre — wnp.pl](https://wnp.pl/przemysl/polimery-police-pod-ostrzalem-wierzycieli-sprawa-z-orlenem-moze-jednak-wyjsc-na-dobre,1027420.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Record military conscription wave to include 235,000 people" type="January 25-27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Wojsko wzywa rekordową liczbę Polaków. Wezwanie mogą dostać też kobiety i 50-latkowie — bankier.pl](https://bankier.pl/wiadomosc/Rusza-najwieksza-kwalifikacja-wojskowa-Wezwania-moga-trafic-tez-do-kobiet-9074665.html)
      * [230 tys. osób. Wojsko wezwie też 50-latków z nieuregulowanym statusem — money.pl](https://money.pl/gospodarka/230-tys-osob-wojsko-wezwie-tez-50-latkow-z-nieuregulowanym-statusem-7247212869769408a.html)
      * ["Strategiczne bezhołowie" czy "jedyne wyjście"? Wojsko Polskie ma program bez strategii — wnp.pl](https://wnp.pl/bezpieczenstwo/strategiczne-bezholowie-czy-jedyne-wyjscie-wojsko-ma-program-ale-czeka-na-nowa-strategie,1023985.html)
      * [Wojsko polskie wykorzystane ukraińskie drony? MON prowadzi rozmowy — wiadomosci.radiozet.pl](https://wiadomosci.radiozet.pl/polska/wojsko-polskie-wykorzystane-ukrainskie-drony-mon-prowadzi-rozmowy)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Constitutional Tribunal candidate shortlist circulates in ruling coalition" type="January 27-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [To będą kandydaci do TK? W koalicji krąży lista nazwisk — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/to-beda-kandydaci-do-tk-w-koalicji-krazy-lista-nazwisk-7248984781576576a)
      * [Tajemnica nieodśnieżanych chodników? Trybunał Konstytucyjny uznał kiedyś, że takie prawo jest dobre — oko.press](https://oko.press/tajemnica-nieodsniezanych-chodnikow-trybunal-konstytucyjny-uznal-kiedys-ze-takie-prawo-jest-dobre)
      * [Wybór kandydatów na I prezesa SN już w lutym. Co zrobi Trybunał Konstytucyjny? — serwisy.gazetaprawna.pl](https://serwisy.gazetaprawna.pl/orzeczenia/artykuly/10635356,wybor-kandydatow-na-i-prezesa-sn-juz-w-lutym-co-zrobi-trybunal-konsty.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Tusk promotes government successes on international stage" type="January 26 - February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Tusk pokazał się z mapą Polski. 'Nowe miasto powstało' — wiadomosci.gazeta.pl](https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/polityka/7,198012,32564031,tusk-pokazal-sie-z-mapa-polski-nowe-miasto-powstalo.html)
      * ["Why Poland is so clean?" Tusk publikuje nagranie — wiadomosci.wp.pl](https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/why-poland-is-so-clean-tusk-publikuje-nagranie-7247643314022624a)
      * [Premier z kompleksów. Oto długa lista kompleksów Tuska — wpolityce.pl](https://wpolityce.pl/tygodniksieci/751913-premier-z-kompleksow-oto-dluga-lista-kompleksow-tuska)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Other" type="">
    <Expandable title="Sources (5)">
      * [Mentzen launches crowdsourced political program initiative — wiadomosci.gazeta.pl](https://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/polityka/7,198012,32549037,od-bimbrownictwa-po-kusze-konfederacja-zbiera-pomysly-do-programu.html)
      * [Poland ranks 21st in global military strength ranking — polsatnews.pl](https://polsatnews.pl/wiadomosc/2026-01-31/ranking-najpotezniejszych-armii-usa-na-pierwszym-miejscu-polska-za-ukraina)
      * [Polish officials appointed to key NATO and EU positions — rmf24.pl](https://rmf24.pl/fakty/polska/news-polscy-oficerowie-na-waznych-stanowiskach-nato-i-ue-czym-sie,nId,8062638)
      * [Poland signs major anti-drone system contract worth 15 billion złoty — next.gazeta.pl](https://next.gazeta.pl/inwestycje/7,186593,32563279,polska-podejmie-przelomowa-decyzje-ws-projektu-za-15-mld-zl.html)
      * [EU-India trade agreement finalized, opening markets for 2 billion people — money.pl](https://money.pl/gospodarka/najwieksza-umowa-handlowa-swiata-staje-sie-faktem-dotyczy-2-miliardow-ludzi-7247860803655872a.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>
</Accordion>

### <img src="https://flagcdn.com/fi.svg" width="32" alt="Finland" style={{display: 'inline', verticalAlign: 'middle', position: 'relative', top: '-2px', marginRight: '8px', border: '1px solid #d1d5db', borderRadius: '2px'}} />Finland

Finland's government faces a fiscal crisis as an official audit revealed its budget savings are less than half what was claimed — 3.5 billion euros rather than the promised 10 billion.

The State Audit Office's findings expose major gaps in the right-wing coalition's austerity programme, with unfulfilled employment effects, incomplete welfare savings, and tax cuts that reduced the fiscal impact. Finance Minister Riikka Purra's ministry estimates the actual effect may reach 5 billion euros by 2027, but this still falls well short of targets. The shortfall deepens Finland's challenge in meeting EU deficit rules while funding its NATO military buildup, which aims to field one of Europe's largest reserve armies at 2.5% of GDP spending, rising to 3% by 2029. Yet the underlying economy shows recovery signs — GDP grew 0.6% in the fourth quarter of 2025, with employment and working hours rising. Multiple research institutes project 1.0-1.5% growth for 2026 driven by consumption and investment recovery.

The fiscal strain comes as Finland's main opposition party faces an escalating scandal that could reshape electoral dynamics ahead of 2027. Tytti Tuppurainen, the Social Democratic Party parliamentary group chair, faces allegations of inappropriate behaviour toward staff and MPs from multiple sources. MP Pia Hiltunen publicly described inappropriate pressure over voting decisions. Party leader Antti Lindtman defends Ms Tuppurainen, but the Social Democratic Party (SDP) has ordered an external investigation. The timing is damaging: the SDP was leading polls by significant margins before the scandal broke. Multiple parties have launched similar internal investigations into workplace culture.

Diplomatically, Finland demonstrated its confidence as a NATO member by directly challenging China on Ukraine while preserving commercial ties. Prime Minister Petteri Orpo met Chinese President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Qiang in Beijing, raising Ukraine concerns and calling on China to work toward lasting peace. Finnish companies signed 11 trade agreements, but Mr Orpo stressed that China's support for Russia undermines EU-China relations. Meanwhile, President Alexander Stubb and Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre published a joint op-ed in the Financial Times supporting Greenland's territorial integrity and warning against US annexation attempts — a rare public challenge to an ally on core principles.

The president also demonstrated Finland's soft power through an unexpected cultural moment. Mr Stubb and First Lady Suzanne Innes-Stubb participated in Yle's 60-hour Muumi book reading marathon, drawing widespread public praise for their animated performances. Public comments emphasised the uniqueness of having a head of state reading to the nation on television — a gesture of cultural engagement during Finland's strategic transformation.

<Accordion title="Other Stories">
  * **PM Orpo's Beijing visit draws coalition partner criticism** — Prime Minister Petteri Orpo met Chinese President Xi Jinping and secured 11 trade agreements during visit to Beijing. Finns Party MP Jani Mäkelä criticised meetings with Chinese leadership as 'problematic' while Mr Orpo defended raising Ukraine concerns. *([yle.fi](https://yle.fi/a/74-20206666))*
  * **President Stubb's Muumi reading marathon becomes cultural moment** — President Alexander Stubb and First Lady Suzanne Innes-Stubb participated in Yle's 60-hour Muumi book reading marathon, drawing widespread public praise for their animated performances and cultural engagement. *([is.fi](https://iltalehti.fi/tv-ja-leffat/a/276475a9-577b-45be-b012-eb7cb5455c20))*
  * **Parliamentary harassment investigations spread across parties** — Following SDP scandal, multiple parties launch internal harassment investigations. The National Coalition Party completed study finding no systematic issues, the Finns Party and others conducting similar reviews of workplace culture. *([iltalehti.fi](https://www.iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/c347ead1-9e34-40bc-95e0-3f8f26f75501))*
  * **Stubb and Norwegian PM warn against Greenland annexation** — President Alexander Stubb and Norwegian PM Jonas Gahr Støre published op-ed in Financial Times supporting Greenland's territorial integrity and warning against US annexation attempts amid President Donald Trump's statements. *([is.fi](https://ft.com/content/3dd30834-b120-43ec-91db-ffc064063465))*
  * **Finance Minister Purra pushes welfare reform and fiscal consolidation** — Finance Minister Riikka Purra implemented income support cuts and proposed further welfare reforms, arguing current system doesn't incentivise work. Also addressed YEL pension reform and criticised opposition economic policies. *([suomenuutiset.fi](https://www.suomenuutiset.fi/toimeentulotuen-muutokset-voimaan-tanaan-purra-esittaa-myos-jatkouudistusta-harva-lahtee-yovuoroihin-siivoamaan-jos-saman-rahan-saa-tekematta-mitaan/))*
  * **Bank of Finland's gold reserves reach historic high** — Finland's gold reserves are now worth 6.1 billion euros, the highest ever. Central bank maintains gold is stored across multiple countries including the US, the UK, Sweden and Switzerland as ultimate crisis insurance. *([iltalehti.fi](https://yle.fi/a/74-20207173?origin=rss))*
  * **Orpo announces parliamentary working group on healthcare reform** — Prime Minister Orpo announces creation of parliamentary working group to address wellbeing services areas' future, responding to opposition pressure. Group to begin work in spring after PM's statement on healthcare services. *([hs.fi](https://hs.fi/politiikka/art-2000011787048.html))*
  * **Social media restrictions for children gain political support** — Prime Minister Orpo, health authorities and two-thirds of Finns support banning or restricting social media use for under-15s, following Australia's model. Researcher describes current situation as 'uncontrolled human experiment'. *([yle.fi](https://yle.fi/a/74-20207494))*
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Notes">
  <ResponseField name="SDP harassment scandal engulfs opposition party leadership" type="January 28-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (10)">
      * [STT: Tytti Tuppuraisen kerrotaan käyttäytyneen toistuvasti epäasiallisesti — iltalehti.fi](https://iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/73d71eef-c5b8-46b2-964c-db7a45867c8a)
      * [Sdp:n työntekijöiltä poikkeuksellinen ulostulo — is.fi](https://www.is.fi/politiikka/art-2000011780150.html)
      * [Sdp:n häirintäselvityksen tekijä selvisi — is.fi](https://www.is.fi/politiikka/art-2000011785272.html)
      * [SDP:n kansanedustaja kertoo häneen kohdistuneesta painostuksesta — mtvuutiset.fi](https://mtvuutiset.fi/artikkeli/sdp-n-kansanedustaja-astuu-esiin-kertoo-painostuksesta-mentiin-henkilokohtaisuuksiin/9289312)
      * [Tuppurainen ei siirry syrjään, harkitsee oikeustoimia STT:n jutun väitteiden takia — hs.fi](https://hs.fi/politiikka/art-2000011779064.html)
      * [SDP:n varapuheenjohtaja Nasima Razmyar ei ilmaise tukeaan Tuppuraiselle — savonsanomat.fi](https://www.savonsanomat.fi/uutissuomalainen/9176963)
      * [Sdp:n häirintäkohu | Kansanedustaja Pia Hiltunen kertoo Tuppuraisen kohdelleen häntä asiattomasti — hs.fi](https://hs.fi/politiikka/art-2000011780058.html)
      * [Krista Kiuru kommentoi SDP:n häirintäkohua — is.fi](https://is.fi/politiikka/art-2000011783020.html)
      * [Kommentti: SDP:n sisäpiirissä kuohuu — iltalehti.fi](https://iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/dc5c5784-2a9f-450c-877d-0e260f5b5dd3)
      * [SDP:n kansanedustaja kertoo Tuppuraisen rajuista sanoista — iltalehti.fi](https://iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/f6a2bdc9-da05-4907-a4d7-40161a7ee43c)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="PM Orpo's Beijing visit draws coalition partner criticism" type="January 25-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (7)">
      * [Orpo meets Xi in cordial talks, sidesteps contentious issues — yle.fi](https://yle.fi/a/74-20206666)
      * [Orpo teki vaikutuksen Kiinan Xihin — iltalehti.fi](https://www.iltalehti.fi/ulkomaat/a/b401c159-a8ed-42e8-b1a0-311ca7eb6939)
      * [Orpolta painokas vastaus Jani Mäkelälle — is.fi](https://www.is.fi/politiikka/art-2000011770799.html)
      * [Orpo Kiinassa | Jani Mäkelä pitää tapaamisia Kiinan johdon kanssa ongelmallisina — hs.fi](https://hs.fi/politiikka/art-2000011775764.html)
      * [Petteri Orpo jyrähti Jani Mäkelälle Ylellä — iltalehti.fi](https://iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/d1169834-d815-4129-bf6e-9d22d6fc8253)
      * [Prime Minister Orpo in Beijing: China's support for peace in Ukraine is important — valtioneuvosto.fi](https://valtioneuvosto.fi/en/-/prime-minister-orpo-in-beijing-china-s-support-for-peace-in-ukraine-is-important-)
      * [Tällaisen vastaanoton Orpo sai Xiltä – nosti esiin suomalaisen sisun — yle.fi](https://yle.fi/a/74-20206454)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="State audit challenges government's savings claims" type="January 28-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Nya uträkningar: Regeringen sparar bara 3,5 – inte 10 miljarder — yle.fi](https://yle.fi/a/7-10092231)
      * [Pääministeri Orpo: Kaikki puolueet yhdessä pohtimaan sotea — yle.fi](https://yle.fi/a/74-20207570)
      * [Hallituksen leikkauksista paljastui nolo tieto — is.fi](https://is.fi/politiikka/art-2000011778349.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="President Stubb's Muumi reading marathon becomes cultural moment" type="January 26 - February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (5)">
      * [Alexander Stubb avaa Ylen Muumit-lukumaratonin — is.fi](https://www.is.fi/tv-ja-elokuvat/art-2000011773209.html)
      * [Alexander Stubbin tv-esiintyminen herätti keskustelua — iltalehti.fi](https://iltalehti.fi/tv-ja-leffat/a/276475a9-577b-45be-b012-eb7cb5455c20)
      * [Muumit-lukumaraton: Katsojilta suora reaktio Alexander Stubbin edesottamuksiin — is.fi](https://is.fi/viihde/art-2000011785637.html)
      * [Suzanne Innes-Stubb luki Muumeja Ylen suorassa lähetyksessä — is.fi](https://is.fi/viihde/art-2000011786980.html)
      * [Muumikirjojen lukumaraton Ylellä alkoi — sss.fi](https://sss.fi/2026/01/muumikirjojen-lukumaraton-ylella-alkoi)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Parliamentary harassment investigations spread across parties" type="January 26-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (5)">
      * [Orpo kommentoi Sdp:n häirintäkohua Ylen Ykkösaamussa — is.fi](https://www.is.fi/politiikka/art-2000011786101.html)
      * [Fatim Diarra podcastissa: Kokoomuksen kansanedustaja ehdotteli törkeästi — iltalehti.fi](https://iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/2aff4f2e-21fe-4c15-8c31-ac9d610a2d9c)
      * [Kokoomus sai häirintäselvityksen valmiiksi — iltalehti.fi](https://www.iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/c347ead1-9e34-40bc-95e0-3f8f26f75501)
      * [Perussuomalaiset selvittää mahdollista häirintää eduskuntaryhmässään — is.fi](https://is.fi/politiikka/art-2000011781396.html)
      * [Kokoomus sai valmiiksi sisäisen selvityksensä avustajien kokemuksista — yle.fi](https://yle.fi/a/74-20206419)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Defense Minister outlines military modernization plans" type="January 27-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Diabeetikot tulevaisuudessa armeijaan? Puolustusministeri väläyttää muutosta — hameensanomat.fi](https://hameensanomat.fi/uutissuomalainen/9176761)
      * [Maailmanpolitiikan kielenkäyttö on ennenkuulumatonta – Näin puolustusministeri Häkkänen kommentoi — sss.fi](https://sss.fi/2026/01/maailmanpolitiikan-kielenkaytto-on-ennenkuulumatonta-nain-puolustusministeri-hakkanen-kommentoi-suhdetta-yhdysvaltoihin)
      * [Häkkänen uskoo Suomen hankkivan uudet jalkaväkimiinansa kotimaasta — ess.fi](https://ess.fi/uutissuomalainen/9163732)
      * [Puolustusministeri Häkkänen kehuu Marine Alutechiä — sss.fi](https://sss.fi/2026/01/koulutus-jalkavakimiinojen-kaytosta-alkaa-tassa-kuussa)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Stubb and Norwegian PM warn against Greenland annexation" type="January 26-27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Stubb ja Norjan pääministeri avasivat sanaisen arkkunsa Grönlannista — is.fi](https://is.fi/ulkomaat/art-2000011775090.html)
      * [Stubb and Støre: Why the Arctic is important for allied security — ft.com](https://ft.com/content/3dd30834-b120-43ec-91db-ffc064063465)
      * [Stubb: Russia is losing in Ukraine — gzeromedia.com](https://gzeromedia.com/video/gzero-world-clips/stubb-russia-losing-in-ukraine)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Finance Minister Purra pushes welfare reform and fiscal consolidation" type="January 28 - February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Toimeentulotuen muutokset voimaan tänään – Purra esittää myös jatkouudistusta — suomenuutiset.fi](https://www.suomenuutiset.fi/toimeentulotuen-muutokset-voimaan-tanaan-purra-esittaa-myos-jatkouudistusta-harva-lahtee-yovuoroihin-siivoamaan-jos-saman-rahan-saa-tekematta-mitaan/)
      * [Purra ryöpyttää Lindtmania Kauppalehdessä — iltalehti.fi](https://www.iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/e0717fc7-e746-4479-885e-c3e4ada5d5c1)
      * [YEL-uudistus yksi hallituksen loppukauden prioriteeteista — yrittajat.fi](https://www.yrittajat.fi/uutiset/yel-uudistus-yksi-hallituksen-loppukauden-prioriteeteista-purra-kllle-uskoisin-etta-pian-kuuluu/)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Finnish economy shows signs of recovery" type="January 25-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Suomen talous alkoi vahvistua loppuvuonna — hs.fi](https://hs.fi/visio/art-2000011783390.html)
      * [Taas siinä käy näin, pankki ennustaa: Ruotsissa talous kasvaa kuin häkä — tekniikkatalous.fi](https://tekniikkatalous.fi/uutiset/a/04aad8ae-8438-4c52-9407-84e036103f03)
      * [Suomalaiset sijoittamisessa historiallinen käänne — is.fi](https://is.fi/taloussanomat/art-2000011777936.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Bank of Finland's gold reserves reach historic high" type="January 25-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Onko kullan säilyttäminen Yhdysvalloissa Trumpin aikakaudella riski? — iltalehti.fi](https://www.iltalehti.fi/talous/a/28a324fa-1d68-49de-b632-9efabf6ad5ce)
      * [Historiallinen luku: Suomi omistaa nyt yli 6 miljardin euron edestä kultaa — yle.fi](https://yle.fi/a/74-20207173?origin=rss)
      * [Kullan hinta räjähti – Nyt tuli varoitus — iltalehti.fi](https://iltalehti.fi/talous/a/f8a07a87-c92f-4f4a-9b6f-071874281f0b)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Orpo announces parliamentary working group on healthcare reform" type="January 31 - February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [Hyvinvointialueiden tulevaisuus: Orpo käynnistää parlamentaarisen työn — hs.fi](https://hs.fi/politiikka/art-2000011787048.html)
      * [Pääministeri Orpo: Kaikki puolueet yhdessä pohtimaan sotea — yle.fi](https://yle.fi/a/74-20207570)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Social media restrictions for children gain political support" type="January 27-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [Should Finland ban social media for kids? Tell us what you think — yle.fi](https://yle.fi/a/74-20206619)
      * [Finland looks to end 'uncontrolled human experiment' with Australia-style ban on social media — yle.fi](https://yle.fi/a/74-20207494)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Other" type="">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Suzanne Innes-Stubb receives White House invitation — iltalehti.fi](https://iltalehti.fi/politiikka/a/810d839c-97bb-4129-9248-e2187c2faafa)
      * [Russian suggestion for Orpo-Putin meeting emerges — iltalehti.fi](https://iltalehti.fi/ulkomaat/a/b073dad7-0d4e-4da9-a337-dbc4874b4543)
      * [Danske Bank experiences service outages — yle.fi](https://yle.fi/a/74-20207348)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>
</Accordion>

### <img src="https://flagcdn.com/ee.svg" width="32" alt="Estonia" style={{display: 'inline', verticalAlign: 'middle', position: 'relative', top: '-2px', marginRight: '8px', border: '1px solid #d1d5db', borderRadius: '2px'}} />Estonia

Estonia is no longer just reacting to Russian threats — it is actively shaping Europe's response to them.

At a Brussels foreign ministers meeting this week, Foreign Minister Margus Tsahkna proposed an EU-wide entry ban for Russian soldiers who fought in Ukraine, arguing that nearly 1m Russian combatants pose security risks to Europe. EU High Representative Kaja Kallas reported that "many member states" supported the Estonian proposal, which would systematically blacklist Russian veterans in post-war scenarios. The initiative marks Estonia's evolution from stress-tested alliance solidarity to policy entrepreneurship within EU frameworks — using its deep institutional embedding to drive coordinated anti-Russian measures rather than merely adapting to external pressures.

The shift reflects a broader pattern of Baltic assertiveness. Defence Minister Hanno Pevkur hosted his Latvian and Lithuanian counterparts in Tallinn to sign a joint military mobility agreement simplifying cross-border movement of forces, alongside discussions on Baltic defence cooperation and Ukraine support. Estonia continues spending 5% of GDP on defence while achieving the world's highest density of unicorn companies — a combination that gives it both credibility and influence within European institutions.

Domestic governance proceeded routinely. The Riigikogu re-passed employment law amendments after President Alar Karis declined to promulgate them in December over constitutional procedural concerns, demonstrating normal democratic checks and balances. Meanwhile, analysis revealed that Estonia's central bank holds only 256.6kg of gold reserves for historical rather than financial reasons, while neighbouring Finland's reserves reached a historic high of €6.1 billion. Estonia's investment assets total €2 billion, equivalent to about 5% of GDP.

<Accordion title="Other Stories">
  * **Pevkur presents defence development plan to parliament** — Mr Pevkur outlined Estonia's defence development plan to 2035 to parliament's defence committee, promising to submit it to government by April. The plan includes naval modernisation, air defence improvements, and expanding active personnel by 500-600 people over ten years. *([err.ee](https://www.err.ee/1609923176/pevkur-viib-uue-riigikaitse-arengukava-valitsusse-hiljemalt-aprilliks))*
  * **Estonia allocates €400,000 humanitarian aid to Ukraine** — Mr Tsahkna announced new humanitarian aid package for Ukraine, stating that Putin uses cold and darkness as weapons against Ukrainians. Estonia also responded to Russian strike on Zaporizhzhia maternity hospital, emphasising continued support for Ukraine. *([ukrinform.net](https://ukrinform.net/amp/rubric-economy/4086162-estonia-allocates-400000-in-humanitarian-aid-to-ukraine.html))*
  * **Estonia weighs eastern border closure after Russian crossing** — Mr Tsahkna said full closure of Estonia's eastern border remains an option after Russia's illegal border crossing last month. The government has not yet seen a direct security threat requiring closure but considers it a possible pressure measure. *([news.err.ee](https://news.err.ee/1609928321/estonia-weighs-possible-eastern-border-closure-after-russia-crossing))*
  * **Kaitseliit recognises best members and conducts training exercises** — Estonian Defence League held annual recognition ceremony in Tallinn, naming year's best Defence League member and youth leaders. Separately, Defence League units conducted training exercises, including in school buildings and various locations. *([lounaeestlane.ee](https://lounaeestlane.ee/kaitseliit-tunnustas-oma-parimaid-liikmeid/))*
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Notes">
  <ResponseField name="Baltic defense ministers sign military mobility agreement in Tallinn" type="January 27-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Pevkur kohtus Balti kolleegidega ja uudist ei tulnudki — postimees.ee](https://www.postimees.ee/8407050/pevkur-kohtus-balti-kolleegidega-ja-uudist-ei-tulnudki)
      * [Kaitseminister Pevkur kohtumisel Taani kaitseministri Poulseniga: me peame hoidma fookust Ukrainal — postimees.ee](https://postimees.ee/8404757/kaitseminister-pevkur-kohtumisel-taani-kaitseministri-poulseniga-me-peame-hoidma-fookust-ukrainal)
      * [OTSEPILT › Balti kaitseministrid annavad Tallinnas ühise pressikonverentsi — postimees.ee](https://postimees.ee/8406663/otsepilt-balti-kaitseministrid-annavad-tallinnas-uhise-pressikonverentsi)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Tsahkna pushes EU-wide entry ban for Russian war veterans" type="January 29 - February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (6)">
      * [EU considers entry ban on Russian soldiers who fought in Ukraine — euronews.com](https://euronews.com/my-europe/2026/01/29/eu-considers-entry-ban-on-russian-soldiers-who-fought-in-ukraine)
      * [Estonia warns Russian veterans could flood Europe after Ukraine war, urges EU entry ban — kyivindependent.com](https://kyivindependent.com/estonia-pushes-eu-wide-entry-ban-for-russian-ex-soldiers-who-fought-in-ukraine)
      * [Estonia scares Europe with the invasion of Putin's soldiers after the war in Ukraine: EADaily — eadaily.com](https://eadaily.com/en/news/2026/02/01/estonia-scares-europe-with-the-invasion-of-putins-soldiers-after-the-war-in-ukraine)
      * [EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas: 'Many' states back Estonia bid to bar Russian war vets — news.err.ee](https://news.err.ee/1609927235/eu-foreign-policy-chief-kaja-kallas-many-states-back-estonia-bid-to-bar-russian-war-vets)
      * [Estonian Foreign Minister Margus Tsakhkna: — estonia.news-pravda.com](https://estonia.news-pravda.com/en/world/2026/01/31/24679.html)
      * [QUOTE OF THE DAY. Estonian Foreign Minister Tsakhkna, discussing with his Lithuanian counterpart Budris the idea of banning the entry of Russians who fought in Ukraine, said: — latvia.news-pravda.com](https://latvia.news-pravda.com/en/russia/2026/01/31/30342.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Pevkur presents defense development plan to parliament" type="January 27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Pevkur viib uue riigikaitse arengukava valitsusse hiljemalt aprilliks — err.ee](https://www.err.ee/1609923176/pevkur-viib-uue-riigikaitse-arengukava-valitsusse-hiljemalt-aprilliks)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Estonia allocates €400,000 humanitarian aid to Ukraine" type="January 30 - February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Estonia allocates €400,000 in humanitarian aid to Ukraine — ukrinform.net](https://ukrinform.net/amp/rubric-economy/4086162-estonia-allocates-400000-in-humanitarian-aid-to-ukraine.html)
      * [Estonian FM responds to Russian strike on maternity hospital in Zaporizhzhia — ukrinform.net](https://ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/4086667-estonian-fm-responds-to-russian-strike-on-maternity-hospital-in-zaporizhzhia.html)
      * [Estonian foreign minister on Russian strike on maternity hospital: "The only way forward is continued support for Ukraine" — pravda.com.ua](https://pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/02/01/8018952)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Estonia weighs eastern border closure after Russian crossing" type="January 31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Estonia weighs possible eastern border closure after Russia crossing — news.err.ee](https://news.err.ee/1609928321/estonia-weighs-possible-eastern-border-closure-after-russia-crossing)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Kaitseliit recognizes best members and conducts training exercises" type="January 25-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Kaitseliit tunnustas oma parimaid liikmeid — lounaeestlane.ee](https://lounaeestlane.ee/kaitseliit-tunnustas-oma-parimaid-liikmeid/)
      * [Kaitseliitlased harjutavad koolimajas — jarvateataja.postimees.ee](https://jarvateataja.postimees.ee/8405730/kaitseliitlased-harjutavad-koolimajas)
      * [Maakaitse – Kaitsevägi — mil.ee](https://mil.ee/reserv/maakaitse/)
      * [Pärnumaa maleva teavitusspetsialist — kaitseliit.ee](https://kaitseliit.ee/toopakkumised/parnumaa-maleva-teavitusspetsialist/)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Other" type="">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Court confirms KAPO email investigation ruling — postimees.ee](https://postimees.ee/8406802/ringkonnakohus-kinnitas-pruunsilla-oigsust-ja-nimetas-kapo-meiliparingu-keelatud-toendiks)
      * [Parliament passes flexible working time law amendment — err.ee](https://err.ee/1609924838/riigikogu-vottis-uuesti-vastu-paindlikku-tooaega-lubava-seadusemuudatuse)
      * [Bank of Estonia gold reserves analysis compared to other central banks — majandus.postimees.ee](https://majandus.postimees.ee/8407558/keskpangad-krahmavad-kulda-osta-eesti-pank-on-kogu-kulla-maha-muunud)
      * [Analysis of Estonian pension funds and domestic investment — postimees.ee](https://postimees.ee/8406282/analuus-miks-meie-pensioniraha-eesti-majandust-ei-teeni)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>
</Accordion>

### <img src="https://flagcdn.com/lt.svg" width="32" alt="Lithuania" style={{display: 'inline', verticalAlign: 'middle', position: 'relative', top: '-2px', marginRight: '8px', border: '1px solid #d1d5db', borderRadius: '2px'}} />Lithuania

Lithuania is positioning itself as the driving force behind Ukraine's EU membership, using its upcoming presidency to cement the enlargement agenda while strengthening Baltic defenses against an uncertain geopolitical future.

President Gitanas Nausėda made Ukraine's EU membership by 2030 a "strategic interest for Lithuania" during President Volodymyr Zelensky's visit to commemorate the 1863-1864 uprising. Mr Nausėda declared that Lithuania will focus on this goal during its 2027 EU presidency, reinforcing the country's role as Ukraine's most vocal advocate within European institutions. The commitment came alongside King Frederik X's state visit, where Mr Nausėda expressed solidarity with Denmark over Greenland's territorial integrity amid American pressure, demonstrating Lithuania's broader alignment with Western sovereignty principles.

Lithuania is simultaneously deepening regional defense integration through major procurement and institutional innovation. The country signed a contract with KNDS Deutschland for 12 Leopard 2A8 Leguan armoured vehicle bridges worth €210 million, significantly improving battlefield mobility for Lithuanian forces. More striking was the establishment of a Baltic Military Mobility Area with Estonia and Latvia, removing peacetime bureaucratic barriers for military equipment and personnel transit between the three countries. The agreement creates what defence ministers called a military "Schengen" area, enhancing NATO's ability to move forces rapidly in response to threats.

Domestic politics, however, revealed cultural and coalition tensions that constrain the government's room for manoeuvre. Prime Minister Inga Ruginienė sparked controversy by remaining seated during portions of a Catholic mass while presidents and other officials stood or knelt, with her office explaining she is not a practising Catholic and was affected by incense. The incident exposed religious-secular divides around expectations for political leaders in ceremonial contexts. More consequentially, Ms Ruginienė said her governing coalition with the controversial Dawn of Nemunas party will continue unless the Social Democrats make a collective decision to end it, despite ongoing questions about the junior partner's problematic associations. On economic policy, she proposed giving banks authority to temporarily hold client transfers and reverse fraudulent transactions once fraud is confirmed.

<Accordion title="Other Stories">
  * **Zelensky visits Lithuania for 1863-1864 uprising commemoration and bilateral talks** — Mr Zelensky visited Lithuania to commemorate the 1863-1864 uprising alongside Lithuanian and Polish presidents. Meetings with Mr Nausėda covered Ukraine's EU membership timeline, energy system support, and military cooperation. Mr Nausėda emphasised Lithuania's continued support for Ukraine. *([lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/2817007/nauseda-susitikime-su-zelenskiu-lietuva-visada-isliks-tarp-aktyviausiu-ukrainos-remeju))*
  * **Danish King Frederik X conducts state visit to Lithuania** — King Frederik X and Queen Mary visited Lithuania for bilateral meetings with Mr Nausėda and Ms Ruginienė. Discussions covered Arctic security, Ukraine, and Baltic-Nordic cooperation. A state dinner was held at the Presidential Palace. *([respublika.lt](https://lrt.lt/en/news-in-english/19/2821070/king-of-denmark-lithuanian-president-discuss-arctic-security-ukraine-during-state-visit))*
  * **Lithuania delays Embraer C-390 military aircraft purchase until 2030** — Lithuania postponed procurement of Brazilian-made Embraer C-390 military transport aircraft, citing priorities for air defence and new military infrastructure. The country will modernise its C-27J Spartan fleet instead and revisit aircraft procurement around 2030. *([aerotime.aero](https://aerotime.aero/articles/lithuania-delays-transport-aircraft-purchase-spartan-2036))*
  * **Baltic states establish military mobility 'Schengen' area** — Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania agreed to create a Baltic Military Mobility Area to allow easier troop movement between the three countries. Defence ministers signed a declaration removing peacetime bureaucratic barriers for military equipment and personnel transit. *([estonianworld.com](https://news.err.ee/1609927676/baltic-states-agree-to-create-military-mobility-schengen-area))*
  * **LRT public broadcaster reform discussions continue** — Ms Ruginienė said she wanted to join protests about press freedom but security advised against it. She called for broader public discussion of proposed reforms to Lithuanian National Radio and Television governance, acknowledging lessons from last year's controversies. *([tv.lrytas.lt](https://tv.lrytas.lt/laidos/issifruoti-esme-su-dovydu-pancerovu/2026/01/29/news/i-ruginiene-apie-lrt-pati-norejau-dalyvauti-proteste-bet-apsauga-atkalbejo-41137267))*
  * **US-Lithuania joint military exercise Unified Partners 26 concluded** — The US Army's 407th Civil Affairs Battalion and Lithuanian Riflemen's Union completed joint training exercise Unified Partners 26. The exercise marked a historic milestone as one of the first mounted training collaborations in over a century between the two forces. *([army.mil](https://army.mil/article/290183/us_army_lithuanian_forces_strengthen_partnership_in_joint_training_exercise_unified_partners_26))*
  * **Defence procurement reforms not linked to corruption, PM says** — Ms Ruginienė stated that proposed changes to defence procurement procedures are not related to specific corruption cases, as none have been detected. She emphasised plans to reduce intermediaries and purchase directly from manufacturers for major acquisitions. *([delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/ruginiene-kam-viesuju-pirkimu-tvarkos-pokyciai-nesusije-su-korupcija-tokiu-atveju-nefiksuota-120204539))*
  * **Opposition demands detailed presentation of defence Plans B and C** — Liberal Movement leader Viktorija Čmilytė-Nielsen said opposition parties are waiting for Ms Ruginienė to present detailed Lithuanian defence plans B and C for scenarios if NATO dissolves. This follows the prime minister's previous statements about having contingency plans. *([delfi.lt](https://www.delfi.lt/naujienos/politika/opozicija-kviecia-premjere-lauks-issamaus-planu-b-ir-c-pristatymo-120203106))*
  * **President convenes State Defence Council meeting** — Mr Nausėda called a State Defence Council meeting to discuss regional security, intelligence service strategies, the National Security Strategy project, transport aviation development, and other state defence matters. *([delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/nauseda-saukia-valstybes-gynimo-tarybos-120203506))*
  * **Coalition to continue unless Social Democrats decide otherwise, PM says** — Ms Ruginienė said the governing coalition with Dawn of Nemunas will only end if the Social Democratic Party makes a collective decision to that effect, despite ongoing controversies about the junior partner's connections. *([lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/2818287/ruginiene-sako-apeigu-metu-sedejusi-nes-netoleruoja-baznycioje-skleidziamu-smilkalu-kvapo))*
  * **PM responds to Cichanouskaja's departure to Warsaw** — Ms Ruginienė responded calmly to Belarusian opposition leader Sviatlana Cichanouskaja's office moving from Vilnius to Warsaw, saying she sees neither added value nor loss from the departure. She criticised former prime minister Saulius Skvernelis for suggesting this would open paths to improve relations with Belarus. *([respublika.lt](https://respublika.lt/lt/naujienos/lietuva/lietuvos_politika/premjere-sureagavo-i-skvernelio-pareiskimus-del-cichanouskajos-kvieciu-sugrizti-i-realybe))*
  * **Belarus balloons continue flying into Lithuania despite past agreements** — Ms Ruginienė noted that Belarusian balloons entering Lithuanian airspace continue as a mix of contraband and hybrid attacks, despite earlier US envoy claims that Alexander Lukashenko promised to stop the flights. The prime minister said balloons flew and will continue to fly. *([lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/2824126/premjere-apie-balionus-spali-kontrabanda-gruodi-hibridine-ataka-dabar-misinys))*
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Notes">
  <ResponseField name="PM Ruginienė sparks controversy by remaining seated during Catholic mass" type="January 26-29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (5)">
      * [Nustebino Ruginienės elgesys mišių metu — delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/naujienos/politika/nustebino-ruginienes-elgesys-misiu-metu-120203117)
      * [Ruginienės poelgis per mišias sukėlė audringas diskusijas — delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/naujienos/politika/ruginienes-poelgis-per-misias-sukele-audringas-diskusijas-120203424)
      * [Triukšmas dėl Ruginienės elgesio mišiose: kodėl ji liko sėdėti, kai stovėjo prezidentai? — lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/2818289/triuksmas-del-ruginienes-elgesio-misiose-kodel-ji-liko-sedeti-kai-stovejo-prezidentai)
      * [Mokėti atskirti pagarbą nuo veidmainystės: ar I. Ruginienės elgesys Mišių metu buvo netinkamas? — bernardinai.lt](https://bernardinai.lt/moketi-atskirti-pagarba-nuo-veidmainystes-ar-i-ruginienes-elgesys-misiu-metu-buvo-netinkamas)
      * [Ar pateisinamas premjerės Ingos Ruginienės elgesys Mišiose? — respublika.lt](https://respublika.lt/lt/naujienos/lietuva/kitos-lietuvos-zinios/ar-pateisinamas-premjeres-ingos-ruginienes-elgesys-misiose)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Zelensky visits Lithuania for 1863-1864 uprising commemoration and bilateral talks" type="January 25-26, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (10)">
      * [Nausėda apie Trumpo žodžius dėl NATO pajėgų Afganistane: Lietuva nestovėjo už nugarų — lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/2817109/nauseda-apie-trumpo-zodzius-del-nato-pajegu-afganistane-lietuva-nestovejo-uz-nugaru)
      * [Nauseda calls Ukraine's EU membership a strategic interest for Lithuania — ukrinform.net](https://ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/4084210-nauseda-calls-ukraines-eu-membership-a-strategic-interest-for-lithuania.html)
      * [Zelensky and Nausėda discuss support for Ukrainian energy system — ukrinform.net](https://ukrinform.net/rubric-polytics/4084092-zelensky-and-nauseda-discuss-support-for-ukrainian-energy-system.html)
      * [Lithuania Ukraine — gazettextra.com](https://gazettextra.com/news/nation_world/lithuania-ukraine/image_f19dcabe-e3d7-5e8f-9762-92329a898ac8.html)
      * [Nausėda susitikime su Zelenskiu: Lietuva visada išliks tarp aktyviausių Ukrainos rėmėjų — lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/2817007/nauseda-susitikime-su-zelenskiu-lietuva-visada-isliks-tarp-aktyviausiu-ukrainos-remeju)
      * [Nausėda ir Zelenskis nurodė skirtingas galimo Ukrainos įstojimo į ES datas — lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/naujienos/pasaulyje/6/2817059/nauseda-ir-zelenskis-nurode-skirtingas-galimo-ukrainos-istojimo-i-es-datas)
      * [Nausėda atsikirto į Trumpo pareiškimus: Lietuva tikrai nestovėjo už nugarų — delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/nauseda-atsikirto-i-trumpo-pareiskimus-lietuva-tikrai-nestovejo-uz-nugaru-120202960)
      * [Nausėda pasveikino Zelenskį su gimtadieniu: geriausia švęsti ten, kur turite daug draugų — delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/tv/aktualijos/nauseda-pasveikino-zelenski-su-gimtadieniu-geriausia-svesti-ten-kur-turite-daug-draugu-120202963)
      * [G. Nausėda: Ukrainos pavyzdys parodo, kad autentiškas laisvės troškimas negali būti įveiktas — alfa.lt](https://alfa.lt/aktualijos/politika/g-nauseda-ukrainos-pavyzdys-parodo-kad-autentiskas-laisves-troskimas-negali-buti-iveiktas/384541)
      * [Svarbių vizitų dieną – mitrus Dianos Nausėdienės pokytis: per ceremonijas žaibiškai du skirtingi kostiumėliai — 15min.lt](https://15min.lt/zmones/naujiena/lietuva/svarbiu-vizitu-diena-mitrus-dianos-nausedienes-pokytis-per-ceremonijas-zaibiskai-du-skirtingi-kostiumeliai-1050-2608238)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Danish King Frederik X conducts state visit to Lithuania" type="January 28-29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Su karaliumi Frederiku X susitikusi Ruginienė: Lietuvos ir Danijos ryšiai nuosekliai plečiasi — respublika.lt](https://respublika.lt/lt/naujienos/lietuva/lietuvos_politika/su-karaliumi-frederiku-x-susitikusi-ruginiene-lietuvos-ir-danijos-rysiai-nuosekliai-pleciasi)
      * [Prezidentūroje – iškilminga vakarienė Danijos karališkosios poros garbei: jai startą davė Nausėdos tostas — 15min.lt](https://15min.lt/zmones/naujiena/lietuva/prezidenturoje-iskilminga-vakariene-danijos-karaliskosios-poros-garbei-jai-starta-dave-nausedos-tostas-1050-2610860)
      * [King of Denmark, Lithuanian president discuss Arctic security, Ukraine during state visit — lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/en/news-in-english/19/2821070/king-of-denmark-lithuanian-president-discuss-arctic-security-ukraine-during-state-visit)
      * [Lithuanian president expresses solidary with Denmark on Greenland — english.news.cn](https://english.news.cn/20260129/12d72cd43a53440eb316d6190b8343d6/c.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Lithuania procures €210 million tank bridge systems from Germany" type="January 29-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Lithuania orders Leguan AVLBs — janes.com](https://janes.com/osint-insights/defence-news/land/lithuania-orders-leguan-avlbs)
      * [Lithuania to buy €210m in tank bridge systems from Germany — lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/en/news-in-english/19/2821064/lithuania-to-buy-eur210m-in-tank-bridge-systems-from-germany)
      * [Lithuania procures bridge layer system to support tank and other tactical equipment — kam.lt](https://kam.lt/en/lithuania-is-buying-bridge-layer-system-to-support-tank-and-other-tactical-equipment/)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Lithuania delays Embraer C-390 military aircraft purchase until 2030" type="January 27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [Lithuania delays Embraer C-390 buy, modernizes Spartan fleet — aerotime.aero](https://aerotime.aero/articles/lithuania-delays-transport-aircraft-purchase-spartan-2036)
      * [Lithuania will delay buying Embraer military planes until 2030 — delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/en/politics/lithuania-will-delay-buying-embraer-military-planes-until-2030-120204033)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Baltic states establish military mobility 'Schengen' area" type="January 30-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania establish a military mobility area — estonianworld.com](https://estonianworld.com/security/estonia-latvia-and-lithuania-establish-a-military-mobility-area)
      * [Baltic states agree to create military mobility 'Schengen' area — news.err.ee](https://news.err.ee/1609927676/baltic-states-agree-to-create-military-mobility-schengen-area)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="LRT public broadcaster reform discussions continue" type="January 29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [I. Ruginienė apie LRT: pati norėjau dalyvauti proteste, bet apsauga atkalbėjo — tv.lrytas.lt](https://tv.lrytas.lt/laidos/issifruoti-esme-su-dovydu-pancerovu/2026/01/29/news/i-ruginiene-apie-lrt-pati-norejau-dalyvauti-proteste-bet-apsauga-atkalbejo-41137267)
      * [Ruginienė paprašė darbo grupės dėl LRT kuo platesnio pataisų aptarimo — delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/ruginiene-paprase-darbo-grupes-del-lrt-kuo-platesnio-pataisu-aptarimo-120204987)
      * [I. Ruginienė apie LRT pertvarką: nebuvo jokio noro užvaldyti — alfa.lt](https://alfa.lt/aktualijos/politika/i-ruginiene-apie-lrt-pertvarka-nebuvo-jokio-noro-uzvaldyti/385075)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="US-Lithuania joint military exercise Unified Partners 26 concluded" type="January 27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [US Army, Lithuanian Forces strengthen partnership in joint training exercise Unified Partners 26 — army.mil](https://army.mil/article/290183/us_army_lithuanian_forces_strengthen_partnership_in_joint_training_exercise_unified_partners_26)
      * [DVIDS - News - U.S. Army and Lithuanian Forces Strengthen Partnership in Joint Training Exercise Unified Partners 26 — dvidshub.net](https://dvidshub.net/news/556853/us-army-and-lithuanian-forces-strengthen-partnership-joint-training-exercise-unified-partners-26)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Ruginienė proposes banking fraud prevention measures" type="January 29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Ruginienė turi idėją bankams, kaip užkirsti kelią sukčiams išvilioti pinigus — delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/verslas/naujienos/ruginiene-turi-ideja-bankams-kaip-uzkirsti-kelia-sukciams-isvilioti-pinigus-120205114)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Defense procurement reforms not linked to corruption, PM says" type="January 28, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Ruginienė: KAM viešųjų pirkimų tvarkos pokyčiai nesusiję su korupcija – tokių atvejų nefiksuota — delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/ruginiene-kam-viesuju-pirkimu-tvarkos-pokyciai-nesusije-su-korupcija-tokiu-atveju-nefiksuota-120204539)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Opposition demands detailed presentation of defense Plans B and C" type="January 26, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Opozicija kviečia premjerę: lauks išsamaus planų B ir C pristatymo — delfi.lt](https://www.delfi.lt/naujienos/politika/opozicija-kviecia-premjere-lauks-issamaus-planu-b-ir-c-pristatymo-120203106)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="President convenes State Defense Council meeting" type="January 27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Nausėda šaukia Valstybės gynimo tarybos posėdį — delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/nauseda-saukia-valstybes-gynimo-tarybos-120203506)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Coalition to continue unless Social Democrats decide otherwise, PM says" type="January 26, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Premjerė: koalicija nustos egzistuoti tik jei bus toks Socialdemokratų partijos sprendimas — lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/2818287/ruginiene-sako-apeigu-metu-sedejusi-nes-netoleruoja-baznycioje-skleidziamu-smilkalu-kvapo)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="PM responds to Cichanouskajas departure to Warsaw" type="January 28-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [Аtitrūko nuo realybės: premjerė sureagavo į Skvernelio pareiškimus dėl Cichanouskajos — respublika.lt](https://respublika.lt/lt/naujienos/lietuva/lietuvos_politika/premjere-sureagavo-i-skvernelio-pareiskimus-del-cichanouskajos-kvieciu-sugrizti-i-realybe)
      * [Balionai - į Vilnių, Sviatlana Cichanouskaja - į Varšuvą, o mums - politinė lijundra — respublika.lt](https://respublika.lt/lt/naujienos/lietuva/lietuvos_politika/balionai---i-vilniu-sviatlana-cichanouskaja---i-varsuva-o-mums---politine-lijundra)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Belarus balloons continue flying into Lithuania despite past agreements" type="February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Premjerė apie balionus: spalį – kontrabanda, gruodį – hibridinė ataka, dabar – mišinys — lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/2824126/premjere-apie-balionus-spali-kontrabanda-gruodi-hibridine-ataka-dabar-misinys)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Other" type="">
    <Expandable title="Sources (10)">
      * [PM Ruginienė criticized for Holocaust commemoration approach — 15min.lt](https://15min.lt/naujiena/aktualu/lietuva/del-holokausto-auku-pagerbimo-istoriko-kritika-ruginienei-56-2610256)
      * [PM attends horse racing event 'Sartai 2026' in formal attire — 15min.lt](https://15min.lt/zmones/naujiena/lietuva/sartu-lenktynese-demesys-vienai-ingos-ruginienes-stiliaus-detalei-sulauke-palyginimo-su-melania-trump-1050-2613074)
      * [Fashion focus on PM Ruginienė during Danish royal dinner — delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/veidai/zmones/aptariant-pirmosios-ponios-ivaizdi-demesys-krypo-ir-i-vakarieneje-dalyvavusia-ruginiene-120205711)
      * [Border guard shooting victim's widow demands €120,000 compensation — delfi.lt](https://delfi.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/pasieniecio-nusauto-kontrabandininko-nasle-reikalauja-jai-priteisti-120-tukst-euru-120203116)
      * [Double murder suspect undergoes psychiatric evaluation — lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/2819358/2-moteru-nuzudymu-itariamas-mikutavicius-mediku-rankose-pradeta-psichiatrine-ekspertize)
      * [President denies discussions on Belarusian fertilizer transit — lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/2821263/nauseda-neigia-kalbas-del-baltarusisku-trasu-tranzito-per-lietuva)
      * [Analysis of Dawn of Nemunas ties to criminal figures — lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/2/2822143/ivertino-ausrieciu-rysius-su-sudmaisiu-nusikalstama-gauja-kraustosi-i-seima)
      * [PM commemorates 1863-1864 uprising anniversary — delfi.lt](https://www.delfi.lt/naujienos/lietuvoje/ruginiene-sukilimo-dalyviu-ir-vadu-atminimas-mums-brangus-o-ju-idealai-artimi-120202949)
      * [Lithuanian security concerns about US policy direction — lrt.lt](https://lrt.lt/en/news-in-english/19/2819298/does-lithuania-have-a-plan-b-if-america-pulls-back)
      * [Russians identify Poland and Lithuania as greatest enemies in poll — notesfrompoland.com](https://notesfrompoland.com/2026/01/30/russians-identify-poland-and-lithuania-as-their-greatest-enemies)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>
</Accordion>

### <img src="https://flagcdn.com/cz.svg" width="32" alt="Czech Republic" style={{display: 'inline', verticalAlign: 'middle', position: 'relative', top: '-2px', marginRight: '8px', border: '1px solid #d1d5db', borderRadius: '2px'}} />Czech Republic

Czech democracy is mobilising against governmental overreach, with 90,000 protesters rallying across the country to support President Petr Pavel in his constitutional standoff with the coalition government.

The demonstrations, organised by Million Moments for Democracy, targeted what protesters called "vulgarity, arrogance and blackmail" in response to the affair involving Foreign Minister Petr Macinka, who stands accused of threatening the president's adviser over a blocked ministerial appointment. More than 600,000 people have signed petitions supporting Mr Pavel. Opposition parties have now submitted 81 signatures for a no-confidence vote scheduled for next Tuesday. Though they lack the 101 votes needed to topple the government, opposition leaders argue that democracy cannot remain silent about executive overreach.

Even as the constitutional crisis deepens, the government is signalling a more transactional foreign policy approach. Parliamentary Speaker Tomio Okamura criticised the display of a 30-meter Ukrainian flag on Charles Bridge during Unity Day celebrations, calling it an "unnecessary provocation" and confirming government plans for stricter Ukrainian residency conditions. Czech churches condemned Mr Okamura's statements as "misleading and dangerous." Meanwhile, Mr Macinka has outlined Prague's thinking on China policy to US Ambassador Nicholas Merrick, with the government operating on the assumption of a three-pole global order and considering pragmatic engagement with China while remaining anchored in the American camp.

The coalition has also confirmed it will resist NATO pressure to increase defence spending. Current levels will remain at approximately 2% of GDP rather than moving toward the alliance's new 3.5% target. Mr Okamura stated that current spending is "sufficient," with the government prioritising domestic spending on families and transport over defence increases.

<Accordion title="Other Stories">
  * **Mass rallies support President Pavel amid constitutional crisis with government** — Tens of thousands of Czechs rallied in Prague and other cities to support Mr Pavel in his dispute with the government over ministerial appointments. The protests were organized in response to Mr Pavel's refusal to appoint Filip Turek as environment minister and subsequent tensions with Mr Macinka. *([efe.com](https://reuters.com/world/czechs-rally-support-president-his-growing-rift-with-government-2026-02-01))*
  * **President Pavel accuses Foreign Minister Macinka of extortion over blocked ministerial appointment** — Mr Pavel accused Mr Macinka of potential extortion after blocking the appointment of Filip Turek as environment minister. Mr Pavel said Mr Macinka sent unacceptable text messages to his adviser threatening political consequences. *([politico.eu](https://www.politico.eu/article/czech-president-foreign-minister-petr-pavel-blackmail-politics-eu/))*
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Notes">
  <ResponseField name="Mass rallies support President Pavel amid constitutional crisis with government" type="February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Decenas de miles de checos manifiestan su apoyo al presidente Petr Pavel, enfrentado al Ejecutivo — efe.com](https://efe.com/mundo/2026-02-01/manifestacion-presidente-checo-petr-pavel)
      * [Czechs rally to support president in his growing rift with government — reuters.com](https://reuters.com/world/czechs-rally-support-president-his-growing-rift-with-government-2026-02-01)
      * [Tens of thousands of Czechs rally in support of President Pavel over dispute with foreign minister — apnews.com](https://apnews.com/article/czech-president-petr-pavel-spat-foreign-minister-28ffbe24ceb5f5f9e9d6087aa9381d3c)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="President Pavel accuses Foreign Minister Macinka of extortion over blocked ministerial appointment" type="January 27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [Czech rift deepens as president accuses foreign minister of 'blackmail' — politico.eu](https://www.politico.eu/article/czech-president-foreign-minister-petr-pavel-blackmail-politics-eu/)
      * [Czech President Accuses Foreign Minister of Potential Extortion - Bloomberg — bloomberg.com](https://bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-01-27/president-accuses-top-czech-diplomat-of-potential-extortion)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Okamura sparks controversy over Ukrainian flag display on Charles Bridge" type="January 25-27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Okamura blasts Ukrainian flag on Charles Bridge, vows tougher migration rules — expats.cz](https://www.expats.cz/czech-news/article/okamura-labels-ukrainian-flag-display-on-charles-bridge-a-provocation)
      * [Ukrajinská vlajka přes Karlův most? Zbytečná provokace, zlobí se Okamura — denik.cz](https://denik.cz/z_domova/ukrajinska-vlajka-karluv-most-tomio-okamura.html)
      * [Zavádějící a nebezpečné, odsoudily církve Okamurovy výroky — ct24.ceskatelevize.cz](https://ct24.ceskatelevize.cz/clanek/domaci/zavadejici-a-nebezpecne-odsoudily-cirkve-okamurovy-vyroky-369691)
      * [Okamura označil rozvinutí ukrajinské vlajky na Karlově mostě za provokaci — ct24.ceskatelevize.cz](https://ct24.ceskatelevize.cz/clanek/domaci/okamura-oznacil-rozvinuti-ukrajinske-vlajky-na-karlove-moste-za-provokaci-369644)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Government freezes defense spending at 2% GDP, defying NATO pressure for increases" type="January 26, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [Czech budget freezes defense spending, boosts transport and families — expats.cz](https://expats.cz/czech-news/article/approved-czech-budget-freezes-defense-spending-boosts-transport-and-families)
      * [Vláda nebude navyšovat výdaje na obranu. Dvě procenta HDP stačí, řekl Okamura — denik.cz](https://denik.cz/z_domova/vlada-nebude-navysovat-vydaje-na-obranu-tomio-okamura.html)
      * [A co závazky vůči NATO? Vláda ponechá výdaje na obranu na dvou procentech, podle Okamury to stačí — domaci.hn.cz](https://domaci.hn.cz/c1-67837920-cesko-odmita-plnit-zavazek-vuci-nato-vlada-ponecha-vydaje-na-obranu-na-dvou-procentech-podle-okamury-to-staci)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Opposition schedules no-confidence vote against Babiš government for next week" type="January 28, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [Okamura (SPD): O nedůvěře kabinetu začne Sněmovna jednat příští úterý — ceskenoviny.cz](https://ceskenoviny.cz/zpravy/okamura-spd-o-neduvere-kabinetu-zacne-snemovna-jednat-pristi-utery/2778403)
      * [Schůzi k vyslovení nedůvěry vládě svolá Okamura na úterý — echo24.cz](https://www.echo24.cz/a/HYjq8/zpravy-domov-schuzi-k-vysloveni-neduvery-vlade-svola-okamura-na-utery)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Czech government reconsiders China engagement amid Trump-Xi dynamics" type="January 31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Czech Government Looks For Its Footing On Europe's New US-China Tightrope — rferl.org](https://rferl.org/a/china-xi-trump-czech-republic-babis-pavel-investment/33664931.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Other" type="">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Terrorist group targeting EU infrastructure brought to court including Prague bus attacks — eurojust.europa.eu](https://eurojust.europa.eu/news/terrorist-group-responsible-arson-attacks-across-europe-taken-court)
      * [Czech Armed Forces analysis on technological warfare and defense capabilities — czdefence.com](https://czdefence.com/article/what-is-happening-to-our-security)
      * [Czechs raise over \$6 million for Ukrainian generators in grassroots campaign — reuters.com](https://reuters.com/world/czechs-fundraise-over-6-mln-buy-generators-freezing-ukraine-2026-01-26)
      * [Atlantic Council Central Europe Week 2026 conference on regional strategic role — atlanticcouncil.org](https://atlanticcouncil.org/event/central-europe-week-2026-facing-a-new-strategic-reality)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>
</Accordion>

### <img src="https://flagcdn.com/ro.svg" width="32" alt="Romania" style={{display: 'inline', verticalAlign: 'middle', position: 'relative', top: '-2px', marginRight: '8px', border: '1px solid #d1d5db', borderRadius: '2px'}} />Romania

Romania is executing the largest defence transformation in its modern history, with €16.6 billion in European Union funding now backing an unprecedented military modernisation.

The Romanian government detailed spending plans this week for its allocation under the EU's Security Action for Europe programme, making Romania the second-largest beneficiary after Poland. The funding covers major defence procurements including Airbus helicopters, Piranha vehicles, air defence systems, and strategic A7/A8 motorway sections. This comes on top of the existing more than \$20 billion procurement pipeline, potentially pushing defence spending toward 5% of GDP by 2035. The United States is reinforcing this commitment by deploying a tank unit equipped with M1A2 Abrams tanks to Romania. The Romanian defence chief confirmed the enhanced military cooperation maintains the same overall troop levels while upgrading capability and lethality.

Even as Romania strengthens its military, its anti-corruption institutions showed they retain meaningful bite. The National Anti-corruption Directorate (DNA) arrested lawyer and Liberal Party (PNL) Sector 1 member Adriana Georgescu for receiving €60,000 as part of €500,000 promised to influence judicial cases. Ms Georgescu claimed connections to the directorate's leadership and the presidency. A man posing as a Romanian Intelligence Service general was also arrested. The party quickly distanced itself from Ms Georgescu. The high-profile arrest suggests the directorate can still function against political figures despite revelations of systemic judicial capture in the December 2025 "Captured Justice" documentary.

The political establishment continues to reject pro-Russian or pro-Trump gestures. Alliance for the Union of Romanians leader George Simion faced fierce domestic and international criticism after attending a Trump anniversary event in Washington, where he participated in cutting a Greenland-shaped cake decorated with the US flag. He also presented a report on Romania's election annulment to Republican congressmen. The backlash reinforced the cross-party consensus supporting Western alignment.

Romania's central bank kept key rates unchanged at 6.5% in January to support economic growth while monitoring inflation trends. Officials expect modest inflation decline in the first half of 2026, maintaining coordination with the government on budget preparation as the country grapples with a 9.3% GDP deficit — the worst in the EU.

<Accordion title="Other Stories">
  * **EU and India finalise historic free trade agreement after two decades of negotiations** — European Union and India concluded negotiations for massive trade deal eliminating tariffs on 96.6% of EU exports to India. Agreement aims to double trade to 200 billion euros annually by 2030. *([hotnews.ro](https://hotnews.ro/cati-politicieni-romani-stiu-ca-astazi-se-semneaza-la-new-delhi-cel-mai-mare-acord-comercial-din-istorie-2157418))*
  * **NATO chief Rutte warns Europe cannot defend itself without US support** — NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte told European Parliament that Europe is incapable of defending itself without American military support and criticised the idea of a European defence pillar as unrealistic. *([digi24.ro](https://romania.europalibera.org/a/mark-rutte-in-parlamentul-european-europa-nu-se-poate-apara-fara-sua-cine-crede-asta-poate-continua-sa-viseze/33661017.html))*
  * **Central bank announces first banknote signature change in 25 years** — National Bank of Romania will change the signature appearing on banknotes starting February 1, 2026, with new cashier general Mugur Tolici replacing Ion Nițu who held the position since 1999. *([jurnalul.ro](https://jurnalul.ro/bani-afaceri/economia/bancnote-bnr-semnatura-1022633.html))*
  * **Prime Minister Ciolacu criticised for excessive government reserve fund spending** — Economy Minister Irineu Darău accused Prime Minister Marcel Ciolacu of spending from the government reserve fund equivalent to 15 years of previous governments combined, contributing to budget deficit concerns. *([factual.ro](https://www.factual.ro/declaratii/adevarat-irineu-darau-spune-ca-marcel-ciolacu-a-cheltuit-ca-premier-din-fondul-de-rezerva-cat-pentru-15-ani-de-mandate-la-guvern/))*
  * **Turkish defence company Otokar to acquire Romanian military vehicle partner** — Turkish armoured vehicle manufacturer Otokar signed agreement to acquire controlling stake in Romania's Automecanica to support \$1 billion contract for Cobra II vehicles for Romanian armed forces. *([defensenews.com](https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2026/01/29/otokar-moves-to-buy-romanian-military-vehicles-partner-automecanica/))*
  * **Liberal Party faces internal crisis over book promotion costs** — Liberal Party (PNL) leadership dispute emerges over 6 million euro cost for promoting former leader Nicolae Ciucă's book during 2024 election campaign, with current party factions disagreeing over expenses. *([fanatik.ro](https://fanatik.ro/o-suma-de-6-milioane-de-euro-motivul-pentru-care-pnl-ar-putea-sa-i-retraga-sprijinul-premierului-bolojan-21373491))*
  * **Multiple Social Democratic Party leaders resign in Bucharest after electoral defeat** — Three Social Democratic Party (PSD) leaders from Bucharest sectors 2, 4 and 6 resigned following party's loss in capital elections where candidate Daniel Băluță was defeated by liberal Ciprian Ciucu. *([newsweek.ro](https://buletin.de/bucuresti/mai-multi-lideri-psd-bucuresti-si-au-dat-demisia-cine-ar-urma-sa-preia-conducerea-filialelor))*
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Notes">
  <ResponseField name="PNL member Adriana Georgescu arrested for bribery and influence trafficking" type="January 28 - February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (7)">
      * [EXCLUSIV Avocata Adriana Georgescu a fost secretar general adjunct la PNL Sector 1 — g4media.ro](https://g4media.ro/exclusiv-avocata-adriana-georgescu-a-fost-secretar-general-adjunct-la-pnl-sector-1-burduja-a-fost-votata-in-unanimitate-fiind-recomandata-de-conducerea-nationala-a-pnl-avocata.html)
      * [Avocată membră PNL, prinsă în flagrant în timp ar fi luat 60.000 de euro pentru „rezolvarea" unor dosare — adevarul.ro](https://adevarul.ro/stiri-interne/evenimente/avocata-membra-pnl-prinsa-in-flagrant-in-timp-ce-2504318.html)
      * [Cine e avocata din București, membră PNL Sector 1, prinsă în flagrant când primea 60.000 de euro — spotmedia.ro](https://spotmedia.ro/stiri/eveniment/cine-e-avocata-din-bucuresti-membra-pnl-sector-1-prinsa-in-flagrant-cand-primea-60-000-de-euro-promitea-influenta-in-justitie)
      * [Zeci de terenuri și sute de mii de dolari moșteniți. Ce avere are Adriana Georgescu — fanatik.ro](https://fanatik.ro/ce-avere-are-adriana-georgescu-avocata-pnl-vizata-intr-un-dosar-de-trafic-de-influenta-si-coruptie-unde-a-fost-inspectoare-21373293)
      * [Adriana Georgescu și falsul general SIE au fost arestați preventiv — digi24.ro](https://digi24.ro/stiri/actualitate/justitie/avocata-din-pnl-sector-1-si-falsul-general-sie-prinsi-in-flagrant-de-dna-au-fost-retinuti-promiteau-ca-pot-interveni-la-nivel-inalt-3606601)
      * [O avocată, membră PNL Sector 1, și un fals general SIE, prinși în flagrant cu 60.000 de euro — digi24.ro](https://digi24.ro/stiri/actualitate/justitie/o-membra-pnl-sector-1-si-un-fals-general-sie-prinsi-in-flagrant-cu-60-000-de-euro-de-procurorii-dna-3605807)
      * [Imagini din flagrantul DNA. Avocata din PNL Sector 1, surprinsă când primea 60.000 de euro — digi24.ro](https://digi24.ro/stiri/actualitate/justitie/imagini-din-flagrantul-dna-avocata-din-pnl-sector-1-surprinsa-cand-primea-60-000-de-euro-alaturi-de-un-fals-general-sie-3606999)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="US to deploy Abrams tanks to Romania in expanded military cooperation" type="January 26-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (5)">
      * [US soldiers with Abrams tanks to be deployed to Romania, NATO ally's defense chief says — stripes.com](https://www.stripes.com/branches/army/2026-01-29/romania-us-tank-deployment-20561792.html)
      * [The US is sending new army units to Romania — what does this mean? — news.online.ua](https://news.online.ua/en/the-us-is-sending-new-army-units-to-romania-what-does-this-mean-900936)
      * [United States to Deploy Abrams Tanks to Romania as Part of NATO Plans — militarnyi.com](https://militarnyi.com/en/news/united-states-to-deploy-abrams-tanks-to-romania-as-part-of-nato-plans/)
      * [WarGonzo: The United States will deploy Abrams tanks in Romania on a rotational basis — nato.news-pravda.com](https://nato.news-pravda.com/world/2026/01/26/90468.html)
      * [U.S. Army Confirms Deployment of Abrams Tanks Across Ukraine's Western Border — militarywatchmagazine.com](https://militarywatchmagazine.com/article/us-army-abrams-ukraine-border)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="George Simion faces criticism for controversial US visit and Greenland cake incident" type="January 27-29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (5)">
      * [Tortul Groenlanda și cum jonglează George Simion cu diplomația — romania.europalibera.org](https://romania.europalibera.org/a/tortul-groenlanda-si-cum-jongleaza-george-simion-cu-diplomatia-suveranitatea-si-integritatea-teritoriala-/33657444.html)
      * [George Simion și vizita controversată în SUA — primapagina.ro](https://primapagina.ro/2026-01-29/george-simion-si-vizita-controversata-in-sua.html)
      * [George Simion, ironizat de americani după scena penibilă cu tortul — aktual24.ro](https://aktual24.ro/george-simion-ironizat-de-americani-dupa-scena-penibila-cu-tortul-tipul-asta-arata-ca-un-prostovan-care-a-consumat-ceva-video)
      * [George Simion atac dur la adresa lui Nicușor Dan — cluj24.ro](https://cluj24.ro/george-simion-atac-dur-la-adresa-lui-nicusor-dan-ar-fi-bine-sa-nu-isi-termine-mandatul-este-un-pericol-pentru-romania-277271.html)
      * [Un partid socialist ar scoate AUR de pe scenă — adevarul.ro](https://adevarul.ro/blogurile-adevarul/un-partid-socialist-ar-scoate-aur-de-pe-scena-2504026.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Romania announces €16.6 billion defense investment plan under EU SAFE program" type="January 28, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [Romania details €16.6 billion SAFE investment plan with major defence procurements — defence-industry.eu](https://defence-industry.eu/romania-details-e16-6-billion-safe-investment-plan-with-major-defence-procurements-and-strategic-infrastructure-projects/)
      * [Not just a highway, but a military corridor: Romania is building a highway to Moldova — poland.news-pravda.com](https://poland.news-pravda.com/en/poland/2026/01/28/49304.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="BNR maintains key interest rates amid inflation concerns" type="January 29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Motivele pentru care BNR a menținut dobânzile de referință — digi24.ro](https://www.digi24.ro/digieconomic/macro/motivele-pentru-care-bnr-a-mentinut-dobanzile-de-referinta-vine-in-sprijinul-cresterii-economice-85119)
      * [BNR, anunț despre evoluția inflației din acest an — digi24.ro](https://digi24.ro/stiri/economie/bnr-anunt-despre-evolutia-inflatiei-din-acest-an-ce-spune-despre-cresterea-economica-3607495)
      * [Ce spune economistul șef BNR despre reformele Guvernului Bolojan — digi24.ro](https://digi24.ro/stiri/economie/ce-spune-economistul-sef-bnr-despre-reformele-guvernului-bolojan-analiza-modelului-economic-al-romaniei-a-meritat-3606123)
      * [Ce mesaje a transmis boardul BNR — zf.ro](https://zf.ro/banci-si-asigurari/ce-mesaje-a-transmis-boardul-bnr-23031704)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="EU and India finalize historic free trade agreement after two decades of negotiations" type="January 26-27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (5)">
      * [Câți politicieni români știu că s-a semnat la New Delhi cel mai mare acord comercial din istorie? — hotnews.ro](https://hotnews.ro/cati-politicieni-romani-stiu-ca-astazi-se-semneaza-la-new-delhi-cel-mai-mare-acord-comercial-din-istorie-2157418)
      * [Ursula vor der Leyen și Narendra Modi semnează cel mai mare acord comercial de liber schimb din istorie — republica.ro](https://republica.ro/ursula-vor-der-leyen-narendra-modi-cel-mai-mare-acord-comercial-liber-schimb)
      * [Acord comercial istoric UE-India: eliminare tarife, investiţii strategice — romanialibera.ro](https://romanialibera.ro/la-zi/ue-si-india-bat-palma-si-semneaza-mama-tuturor-acordurilor-de-liber-schimb)
      * [UE și India bat palma pentru cel mai mare acord comercial din istorie — cursdeguvernare.ro](https://cursdeguvernare.ro/acord-comercial-ue-india-tarife-reducere-eliminare-2027-aplicare.html)
      * [Un acord comercial negociat timp de 20 de ani, finalizat de India și UE — radioromania.ro](https://radioromania.ro/Actualitate/un-acord-comercial-negociat-timp-de-20-de-ani-finalizat-de-india-si-ue-premierul-indian-intelegerea-reprezinta-25-din-pib-ul-mondial-id145717.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="NATO chief Rutte warns Europe cannot defend itself without US support" type="January 25-29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (8)">
      * [Șeful NATO, tranșant despre formarea unei alianțe europene de apărare fără SUA — digi24.ro](https://www.digi24.ro/stiri/externe/ue/seful-nato-transant-despre-formarea-unei-aliante-europene-de-aparare-fara-sua-ati-pierde-umbrela-nucleara-americana-mult-succes-3602327)
      * [NATO, aproape de implozie. Orizontul de timp uriaș ca UE să se descurce fără SUA — adevarul.ro](https://adevarul.ro/stiri-interne/evenimente/nato-aproape-de-implozie-orizontul-de-timp-urias-2504342.html)
      * [Șeful NATO, Mark Rutte, în Parlamentul European: Europa nu se poate apăra fără SUA — romania.europalibera.org](https://romania.europalibera.org/a/mark-rutte-in-parlamentul-european-europa-nu-se-poate-apara-fara-sua-cine-crede-asta-poate-continua-sa-viseze/33661017.html)
      * [Bolojan, despre SUA şi NATO: Mark Rutte are dreptate când spune că Europa nu se poate apăra fără SUA — newsweek.ro](https://newsweek.ro/international/bolojan-despre-sua-nato-mark-rutte-are-dreptate-cand-spune-europa-poate-apara-fara-sua)
      * [Sondaj INSCOP: Românii cred că NATO îi apără, dar realitatea arată vulnerabilități majore — stirileprotv.ro](https://stirileprotv.ro/stiri/actualitate/sondaj-inscop-romanii-cred-ca-nato-ii-apara-dar-realitatea-arata-vulnerabilitati-majore-ce-spun-despre-apararea-tarii.html)
      * [„Continuați să visați" – șeful NATO afirmă că Europa nu se poate apăra fără Statele Unite — ortodoxinfo.ro](https://ortodoxinfo.ro/2026/01/27/continuati-sa-visati-seful-nato-afirma-ca-europa-nu-se-poate-apara-fara-statele-unite-garantul-suprem-al-libertatii-noastre)
      * [Europa nu se poate apăra fără SUA, avertizează secretarul NATO — radioromania.ro](https://radioromania.ro/Actualitate/europa-nu-se-poate-apara-fara-sua-avertizeaza-secretarul-nato-video-id145687.html)
      * [Apropierea lui Mark Rutte de Trump tensionează NATO — adevarul.ro](https://adevarul.ro/stiri-externe/europa/apropierea-lui-mark-rutte-de-trump-tensioneaza-2504160.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="BNR announces first banknote signature change in 25 years" type="January 29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [Schimbare rară la BNR: După un sfert de secol, se modifică semnătura care apare pe bancnote — jurnalul.ro](https://jurnalul.ro/bani-afaceri/economia/bancnote-bnr-semnatura-1022633.html)
      * [BNR anunță că se schimbă banii în România pentru prima dată în 25 de ani — libertatea.ro](https://libertatea.ro/stiri/bnr-anunta-schimbare-semnatura-bani-romania-prima-data-25-ani-5604880)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Prime Minister Ciolacu criticized for excessive government reserve fund spending" type="January 27, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [ADEVĂRAT | Irineu Darău spune că Marcel Ciolacu a cheltuit ca premier din fondul de rezervă cât pentru 15 ani de mandate la guvern — factual.ro](https://www.factual.ro/declaratii/adevarat-irineu-darau-spune-ca-marcel-ciolacu-a-cheltuit-ca-premier-din-fondul-de-rezerva-cat-pentru-15-ani-de-mandate-la-guvern/)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Turkish defense company Otokar to acquire Romanian military vehicle partner" type="January 29, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Otokar moves to buy Romanian military-vehicles partner Automecanica — defensenews.com](https://www.defensenews.com/global/europe/2026/01/29/otokar-moves-to-buy-romanian-military-vehicles-partner-automecanica/)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="PNL faces internal crisis over book promotion costs" type="January 26-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [O sumă de 6 milioane de euro, motivul pentru care PNL ar putea să-i retragă sprijinul premierului Bolojan — fanatik.ro](https://fanatik.ro/o-suma-de-6-milioane-de-euro-motivul-pentru-care-pnl-ar-putea-sa-i-retraga-sprijinul-premierului-bolojan-21373491)
      * [Un lider PNL se folosește de un clip vechi cu Bolojan pentru a critica politica actuală — adevarul.ro](https://adevarul.ro/politica/un-lider-pnl-se-foloseste-de-un-clip-vechi-cu-2503713.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Multiple PSD leaders resign in Bucharest after electoral defeat" type="January 29-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (2)">
      * [„Război — ](https://newsweek.ro/politica/razboi-psd-pnl-in-consiliul-general-al-capitalei-ciucu-se-testeaza-o-majoritate-daca-mai-exista-sau-nu)
      * [Trei lideri PSD București și-au dat demisia — buletin.de](https://buletin.de/bucuresti/mai-multi-lideri-psd-bucuresti-si-au-dat-demisia-cine-ar-urma-sa-preia-conducerea-filialelor)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Other" type="">
    <Expandable title="Sources (5)">
      * [Romania signals faster main battle tank acquisition with decision expected within months — defence-industry.eu](https://defence-industry.eu/romania-signals-faster-main-battle-tank-acquisition-as-decision-on-new-fleet-expected-within-months)
      * [Romania strategic analysis discusses regional leadership ambitions and military investment needs — smallwarsjournal.com](https://smallwarsjournal.com/2026/01/26/romania-aims-to-be-the-leading-power-of-southeastern-europe)
      * [Terrorist group targeted facilities across Europe including Romania, taken to court — eurojust.europa.eu](https://eurojust.europa.eu/news/terrorist-group-responsible-arson-attacks-across-europe-taken-court)
      * [Romanian central bank data shows money supply growth but weak lending to economy — jurnalul.ro](https://jurnalul.ro/stiri/observator/bnr-creditare-2025-1022333.html)
      * [BNR economist chief discusses government reforms and economic growth model transition — economedia.ro](https://economedia.ro/bnr-in-economie-sunt-tot-mai-multi-bani-insa-creditarea-ramane-slaba.html)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>
</Accordion>

### <img src="https://flagcdn.com/lv.svg" width="32" alt="Latvia" style={{display: 'inline', verticalAlign: 'middle', position: 'relative', top: '-2px', marginRight: '8px', border: '1px solid #d1d5db', borderRadius: '2px'}} />Latvia

Latvia's security services warned this week that Russia now views the Baltics much as it viewed Ukraine before the war.

The Constitution Protection Bureau's annual report assessed that "Russia's perception of Latvia is becoming increasingly similar to the one Russia had of Ukraine before the war," warning of continued hybrid warfare including cyber threats to critical infrastructure and information influence operations targeting upcoming elections. The assessment reflects an escalation beyond routine Russian interference to what officials see as pre-conflict intelligence posture.

Latvia is responding by deepening Western integration. Defence Minister Sprūds met with Estonian and Lithuanian counterparts in Tallinn to sign a letter of intent establishing a Baltic Military Mobility Zone, standardising border crossing procedures and coordinating military movement for crisis situations. Meanwhile, the government is reviewing a Justice Ministry proposal to allow extradition of Latvian citizens to Britain for criminal prosecution, expanding current arrangements that cover the European Union, United States, Iceland, Norway and Australia.

Prime Minister Evika Siliņa conducted foreign visits this week, including to Croatia, and told parliamentary foreign affairs debates that Latvia faces a low level of direct military threat while maintaining strong defence commitments. The government also established an inter-institutional working group to counter foreign interference in October 2026 parliamentary elections, with NATO Strategic Communications Centre of Excellence experts warning of industrialised Russian influence operations using artificial intelligence.

Institutional checks continued to function normally. President Rinkēvičs returned two pieces of legislation to parliament (the Saeima) for reconsideration: distance learning restrictions for primary students citing insufficient preparation time, and compensation law changes creating legal uncertainties.

<Accordion title="Other Stories">
  * **Severe cold weather prompts emergency warnings across Latvia** — Latvia's meteorological center issued multiple warnings for extremely cold temperatures reaching -20 to -26 degrees Celsius. Riga municipality expanded support for homeless people and authorities provided safety advice for heating equipment use. *([ciklons.tvnet.lv](https://ciklons.tvnet.lv/8407013/izsludinats-oranzais-bridinajums-par-ipasi-specigu-salu-nakti))*
</Accordion>

<Accordion title="Notes">
  <ResponseField name="SAB warns of escalating Russian security threats to Latvia and Europe" type="January 26-28, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (6)">
      * [Security service: Russia thinking about Baltics the way it thought about Ukraine — eng.lsm.lv](https://eng.lsm.lv/article/society/defence/26.01.2026-security-service-russia-thinking-about-baltics-the-way-it-thought-about-ukraine.a631591/)
      * [Latvia intelligence warns Russia increasingly views Latvia like pre-war Ukraine — pravda.com.ua](https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2026/01/26/8017926/)
      * [Russia-generated security risks to Europe and Latvia are significantly increasing, SAB concludes — bnn-news.com](https://bnn-news.com/russia-generated-security-risks-to-europe-and-latvia-are-significantly-increasing-sab-concludes-276510)
      * [Latvia's SAB warns of Russian ICS cyber threat to European and Western critical infrastructure — industrialcyber.co](https://industrialcyber.co/industrial-cyber-attacks/latvias-sab-warns-of-russian-ics-cyber-threat-to-european-and-western-critical-infrastructure/)
      * [SAB ceļ trauksmi, prezidents mierina: Latvijā ārkārtas soļi nav nepieciešami — bnn.lv](https://bnn.lv/sab-cel-trauksmi-prezidents-mierina-latvija-arkartas-soli-nav-nepieciesami-70097)
      * [Šobrīd valstī kādi īpaši papildu drošības pasākumi nav nepieciešami, norāda Rinkēvičs — tvnet.lv](https://www.tvnet.lv/8405109/sobrid-valsti-kadi-ipasi-papildu-drosibas-pasakumi-nav-nepieciesami-norada-rinkevics)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="President Rinkēvičs returns laws to Saeima for second review" type="January 25-30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (3)">
      * [NOSKATIES ► ZZS saspēlē ar opozīciju pieņem likumu, ko prezidents atdod atpakaļ Saeimai — tvnet.lv](https://www.tvnet.lv/8403191/noskaties-zzs-saspele-ar-opoziciju-pienem-likumu-ko-prezidents-atdod-atpakal-saeimai)
      * [Rinkēvičs nodod otrreizējai izskatīšanai likuma grozījumus par tālmācības ierobežošanu — tvnet.lv](https://tvnet.lv/8406652/rinkevics-nodod-otrreizejai-izskatisanai-likuma-grozijumus-par-talmacibas-ierobezosanu)
      * [Rinkēvičs asks Saeima to review new distance learning rules — eng.lsm.lv](https://eng.lsm.lv/article/society/education/30.01.2026-rinkevics-asks-saeima-to-review-new-distance-learning-rules.a632408/)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="PM Siliņa spends week abroad on diplomatic missions" type="January 26-31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (4)">
      * [Ministru prezidente Siliņa visu nākamo nedēļu pavadīs komandējumos ārpus valsts — tvnet.lv](https://tvnet.lv/8407286/ministru-prezidente-silina-visu-nakamo-nedelu-pavadis-komandejumos-arpus-valsts)
      * [Siliņa: Militārā apdraudējuma līmenis Latvijai ir zems — tvnet.lv](https://tvnet.lv/8405871/silina-militara-apdraudejuma-limenis-latvijai-ir-zems)
      * [Siliņa uz ziemas olimpiskajām spēlēm dosies ar vairākām pavadošajām personām — tvnet.lv](https://tvnet.lv/8403601/silina-uz-ziemas-olimpiskajam-spelem-dosies-ar-vairakam-pavadosajam-personam)
      * [Pudāns: Potenciālais pretinieks izmantos dzelzceļu spēku apgādei — tvnet.lv](https://tvnet.lv/8406444/pudans-potencialais-pretinieks-izmantos-dzelzcelu-speku-apgadei)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Severe cold weather prompts emergency warnings across Latvia" type="January 29 - February 1, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (5)">
      * [Izsludināts oranžais brīdinājums par īpaši spēcīgu salu naktī — ciklons.tvnet.lv](https://ciklons.tvnet.lv/8407013/izsludinats-oranzais-bridinajums-par-ipasi-specigu-salu-nakti)
      * [Svētdienas vakarā un naktī uz pirmdienu daudzviet Latvijā gaidāms stiprs sals — ciklons.tvnet.lv](https://ciklons.tvnet.lv/8407589/svetdienas-vakara-un-nakti-uz-pirmdienu-daudzviet-latvija-gaidams-stiprs-sals)
      * [Izsludināts dzeltenais brīdinājums par stipru salu — ogrenet.lv](https://ogrenet.lv/aktuali/izsludinats-dzeltenais-bridinajums-par-stipru-salu-18606)
      * [Pieci ieteikumi elektrodrošai sildītāju lietošanai — ogrenet.lv](https://ogrenet.lv/drosiba/pieci-ieteikumi-elektrodrosai-silditaju-lietosanai-18604)
      * [Bargā sala dēļ Rīgas dome paplašinās atbalstu bezpajumtniekiem — tvnet.lv](https://tvnet.lv/8405983/barga-sala-del-rigas-dome-paplasinas-atbalstu-bezpajumtniekiem)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Baltic defense ministers plan joint military mobility zone" type="January 30, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Baltic states are planning a joint 'Military Mobility Zone' — eng.lsm.lv](https://eng.lsm.lv/article/society/defence/31.01.2026-baltic-states-are-planning-a-joint-military-mobility-zone.a632507/)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Justice Ministry proposes allowing extradition of Latvian citizens to UK" type="January 31, 2026">
    <Expandable title="Sources (1)">
      * [Tieslietu ministrija rosina atļaut Latvijas pilsoņu izdošanu Lielbritānijai — tvnet.lv](https://tvnet.lv/8407297/tieslietu-ministrija-rosina-atlaut-latvijas-pilsonu-izdosanu-lielbritanijai)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>

  <ResponseField name="Other" type="">
    <Expandable title="Sources (6)">
      * [President discusses pension system planning with welfare minister — tvnet.lv](https://tvnet.lv/8406720/prezidents-ir-svarigi-veicinat-iedzivotaju-informetibu-par-pensiju-sistemu)
      * [President seeks solution for Gora cultural center governance — tvnet.lv](https://www.tvnet.lv/8404367/rinkevics-sagaida-risinajumu-gora-parvaldibai-atbilstosi-valsts-kulturpolitikas-merkiem)
      * [Customs seized 12 million contraband cigarettes in 2025 — tvnet.lv](https://tvnet.lv/8403752/muita-pern-konstatejusi-teju-12-miljonus-kontrabandas-cigaresu)
      * [French court to decide on Antonov extradition to Lithuania — tvnet.lv](https://tvnet.lv/8403711/francijas-tiesa-lems-par-latvijas-krajbankas-bijusa-lidzipasnieka-antonova-izdosanu-lietuvai)
      * [Medical emergency service announces new development strategy — tvnet.lv](https://tvnet.lv/8405137/nmpd-piesaka-jauno-attistibas-strategiju)
      * [Latvian artist and playwright Staprāns dies — tv3.lv](https://tv3.lv/izklaide/kultura/miris-latviesu-gleznotajs-un-dramaturgs-staprans/)
    </Expandable>
  </ResponseField>
</Accordion>